Performance of Tri-Band Multi-Polarized Array Antenna for 5G Mobile Base Station Adopting Polarization and Directivity Control

Mahmoud, Korany R.; Montaser, Ahmed M.

doi:10.1109/access.2018.2805802

Cited by 56 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The maximum beam tilt achieved is shown to be around 45 . Similar to this, another fixed beamformer for the operation at 28-, 38-and 48-GHz 5G bands is discussed in [74]. An octagonal prism-like configuration of this array has been shown to achieve a radiation efficiency of around 82%.…”

Section: Mmwave Radio Signals Have Propagation Characteristics Such Amentioning

confidence: 88%

Beamformer development challenges for 5G and beyond

Abbasi

Fusco

2020

Antennas and Propagation for 5G and Beyond

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Antenna's beamforming technology [1] is vital in the utilization of the microwave and millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands for the fifth-generation (5G) communication technology, and beyond, applications that include the sixth generation (6G), Internet of Things and Industry 4.0 [2,3]. Antenna beamforming can be defined as the ability of an antenna array to steer the maximum radiation toward a prescribed direction, or, conversely, the ability of the antenna array to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of an impinging signal. Beamforming is generally achieved by using multiple antennas, spatially colocated to either function as an independent radiator or as a unit cell in larger array arrangements. Recently, the term multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) has been used in conjugation with the beamforming technology since it also involves multiple antenna systems, thus linking it to the beamforming technology [4]. When the number of antennas used in the MIMO operation becomes very large, it is generally termed massive MIMO technology [5]. Different beamforming concepts are used for the two frequency spectrum classifications in cellular technology, i.e., sub-6 GHz and mmWave. The majority of beamformer challenges at sub-6 GHz are already resolved, and prototypes are now available [6]; however, there are still major fundamental challenges that engineers face while developing beamformers for use in the mmWave bands, i.e., >28 GHz. Challenges include, but are not limited to, high path loss, power generation, adaption to account for realistic channel estimation, hardware impairments, energy leakage in circuits, high development cost, spatial-temporal channel variations, signal blockages due to the presence of obstacles such as beamformer casing, user body and hand. Also, multiuser MIMO techniques are not easily implementable in mmWave frequencies. In addition to this, beam coordination at transmitter and receiver antenna systems especially in mmWave spectrum is very challenging. In this chapter, we will first classify the beamformers based on the system architecture, operational frequency

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Section: Mmwave Radio Signals Have Propagation Characteristics Such Amentioning

confidence: 88%

Beamformer development challenges for 5G and beyond

Abbasi

Fusco

2020

Antennas and Propagation for 5G and Beyond

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“…The proposed antenna is linearly polarized; therefore, positioning the two antenna elements orthogonal to each other to construct the MIMO structure provides polarization diversity. This is a frequently used method for dual polarized MIMO antenna structures 19,20 . The orthogonally placed antenna elements are shown in Figure 11A, where the finalized MIMO antenna width and length are 17.7 and 9.7 mm, respectively.…”

Section: × 2 Mimo Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the number of operable bands of the antenna increased, the bandwidth at these operating frequencies generally seemed to decrease. In Mahmoud and Montaser, 20 the design and analysis of a tri‐band mm‐wave antenna was performed for using in 5G mobile base stations. Another tri‐band (28/38/61 GHz) mm‐wave antenna was reported in Reference 21.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis of a quad‐band substrate‐integrated‐waveguide cavity backed slot antenna for 5G applications

Okan

2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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A planar and compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity backed antenna and a 2 × 2 multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) antenna are presented in this study. The proposed antenna is fed by a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) to SIW type transition and planned to be used for millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) fifth generation (5G) wireless communications that operates at 28, 38, 45, and 60 GHz frequency bands. Moreover, the measured impedance bandwidth (|S11| ≤ − 10 dB) of the antenna covers 27.55 to 29.36, 37.41 to 38.5, 44.14 to 46.19, and 57.57 to 62.32 GHz bands and confirms the quad‐band characteristic. Omni‐directional radiation characteristics are observed in the far‐field radiation pattern measurements of the antenna over the entire operating frequency. The reported antenna is compact in size (9.7 × 13.3 × 0.6 mm3) and the gain values at each resonance frequency are measured as 3.26, 3.28, 3.34, and 4.51 dBi, respectively. Furthermore, the MIMO antenna performance is evaluated in terms of isolation, envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain.

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“…At present, however, most of the researches on 5G are mainly about beamforming [ 4 ], massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna selection [ 5 , 6 ], etc., while the study on base station antenna for 5G mobile communications has not been paid too much attention to. Moreover, many of design examples focus on the millimeter wave bands [ 7 , 8 ]. Only several studies pay attention to the base station antenna design for the sub-6 GHz 5G applications [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna for Fifth-Generation (5G) Applications

Hua

Zong

Nie

2018

Sensors

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A broadband dual-polarized base station antenna with special designed feeding structures is investigated in this paper. The proposed antenna contains two pairs of crossed dipoles, two specially designed feeding connectors, two pieces of dielectric pads, a supporter (also a balun), and a reflector. To verify the designed antenna, a prototype is fabricated and measured. The antenna attains a bandwidth of around 46.5% operating over 3.14–5.04 GHz under reflection coefficient lower than −15 dB, and the port-to-port isolation is higher than 32.5 dB. It also achieves very stable radiation patterns with half power beam widths of 71.8° ± 2.5° in both the horizontal and vertical planes and gains of around 8 dBi over its operating band. Besides, the mechanism of the obtained good performances is clearly explained from the angle of current. All of the features ensure that the proposed antenna is suitable for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communications.

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Performance of Tri-Band Multi-Polarized Array Antenna for 5G Mobile Base Station Adopting Polarization and Directivity Control

Cited by 56 publications

References 20 publications

Beamformer development challenges for 5G and beyond

Beamformer development challenges for 5G and beyond

Design and analysis of a quad‐band substrate‐integrated‐waveguide cavity backed slot antenna for 5G applications

Broadband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna for Fifth-Generation (5G) Applications

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