Performance of three types of Stokes's kernel in the combined solution for the geoid

Computation of precise geoid model of Auvergne using current UNB Stokes-Helmert’s approach

“…The result of this step can be called the near-zone (NZ) residual Helmert cogeoid. For details, see Vaníček and Featherstone (1998) and Novák et al (2001).…”

“…The result of this step is the total residual Helmert cogeoid. More details are found in (Molodenskij et al, 1960;Vaníček and Featherstone, 1998).…”

Deterministic, stochastic, hybrid and band-limited modifications of Hotine’s integral

“…(9) (cf. Vaníček and Featherstone 1998). Therefore, it is important to consider the kernel modification not only as means to reduce the truncation error, but also as a filter to reduce leakage of any low-frequency errors from the terrestrial data (cf.…”

“…Heck 1990) that can propagate into the combined geoid solution unless modelled and/or filtered out (cf. Vaníček and Featherstone 1998;Wang et al 2011;Featherstone et al 2011).…”

“…However, the kernel modification and cap radius can be used additionally as a filter to tune the relative data contributions (cf. Vaníček and Featherstone 1998;Featherstone 2003a). It is this property that will be emphasised more than only reduction of the truncation error.…”