Performance of the Tibet hybrid experiment (YAC-II + Tibet-III + MD) to measure the energy spectra of the light primary cosmic rays at energies 50–10,000 TeV

Huang, J.; Zhai, L. M.; Chen, D.; Shibata, M.; Katayose, Y.; Zhang, Ying; Liu, J.S.; Xu, Chang; Hu, Xiaobin; Zhang, X.Y.; Jia, H. Y.; Danzengluobu,; Ohnishi, M.; Takita, M.

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.12.013

Cited by 10 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This hybrid experiment is designed not only for observation of air showers of nuclear component origin, but also for observation of high-energy celestial gamma rays by using (Tibet-AS+MD). Details are in papers [6,7].…”

Section: Some Details Of the New Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three hadronic interaction models, QGSJET01c, SIBYLL2.1 and EPOS-LHC, are used to generate air-shower events with primary energy above 50 TeV. Two primary composition models, namely, "He-poor"and "He-rich" models [6,7], are used to appraise the systematic errors attributable to primary composition models.…”

Section: Monte Carlo Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the MD array, we get the sum of muons (N µ ) "fired" in the MD array for each air-shower event. Details about the reconstruction of YAC and MD can be seen in paper [7]. We did the study of mass composition of primary cosmic rays based on those parameters and the parameters reconstructed by the Tibet-AS array.…”

Section: Air Shower Age (S)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Simulation study of proton-induced and iron-induced extensive air shower at the knee energies using the new Tibet experiment

Zhai¹,

Chen²,

Huang³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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Section: Some Details Of the New Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monte Carlo Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation study of proton-induced and iron-induced extensive air shower at the knee energies using the new Tibet experiment

Zhai¹,

Chen²,

Huang³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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“…To improve this condition effectively, a new air-shower core detector named YAC-II (Yangbajing Air shower Core detector) has been developed so as to meet our requirements [4]. The YAC-II aims to observe the energy spectrum of proton and helium whose energy range will overlap with direct observations at lower energies such as CREAM, ATIC and TRACER, and Tibet-EC experiment at higher energies [5]. In this paper, we discuss the sensitivity and performance of YAC for observing light-component spectrum of primary particles through detailed Monte Carlo (MC) simulations based on the (YAC-II+Tibet-III+MD) hybrid experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

YAC sensitivity for measuring the light-component spectrum of primary cosmic rays at the ``knee" energies

Huang¹

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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A new air-shower core-detector array (YAC: Yangbajing Air-shower Core-detector array) has been developed to measure the primary cosmic-ray composition at the "knee" energies in Tibet, China, focusing mainly on the light components. The YAC-II consisting of 124 detectors has been constructed and operated at Yangbajing (4300 m a.s.l.) in Tibet since February 2014. The YAC-II has been placed near the center of the Tibet-III AS array and operates together with Tibet-III and a large underground water-Cherenkov muon-detector array (MD). In this paper, we have performed a detailed Monte Carlo simulation to check the sensitivity of YAC-II+Tibet-III+MD array to the light components in the primary cosmic rays around the knee energies, taking account of the observation conditions of actual YAC-II+Tibet-III+MD array. We have checked the sensitivity of YAC to the hadronic interaction models (QGSJET01c and SIBYLL2.1) and primary cosmic-ray composition models ("He-poor", "He-rich" and "Gaisser-fit") around the knee using the high-energy core events observed by the YAC-II+Tibet-III+MD array, and the capability of the measurement of the light-chemical components (proton, helium) with the new Tibet hybrid experiment is investigated. The simulation shows that the light-component spectrum estimated by our methods can well reproduce the input ones within 10% error, and there will be about 30% systematic errors mostly induced by the primary and interaction models used.

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“…Each cell of the MD array is composed of a concrete water tank with a cubic form of 7.2 m wide, 7.2 m long, 1.5 m deep and two 20-inch PMTs (R3600), lookinng downward, are mounted on the ceiling. The method for obtaining the light-component spectrum of primary cosmic rays at the "knee" energies with the Tibet ASγ experiment is described in the paper [6][8]; we found that the MD array plays an important role in mass separation at high energy range according to a Monte Carlo simulation. The current dynamic range of PMTs in each cell of the MD array, designed mainly for high-energy celestial gamma rays detection, is 5 to 2000 photoelectrons (PEs) which is, according to the simulation, too small for the composition measurement in the knee region (a maximum of 10 6 PEs is needed).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test results of new CR365-PMTs for the Tibet muon-detector array

Zhang¹,

Huang²,

Chen³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017)

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The Tibet-ASγ experiment has a water-Cherenkov muon-detector array (MD) as a part of 3 different arrays with specific purposes. To increase the ability of getting the primary proton, helium and iron spectra up to 10 16 eV and clarifing their spectral "knee" positions, we need to upgrade current PMT capabiltty in each MD cell. The current dynamic range of the PMTs is 5 to 2000 photoelectrons (PEs) which is enough for the purpose of observation of high-energy celestial gamma rays. However, according to Monte-Carlo simulations, we need a dynamic range of 100 -10 6 PEs for the knee problem. For this end, we have a plan of adding two 8-inch-in-diameter PMTs in each MD cell. We have compared the characteristic features between R5912-PMT made by Japan Hamamatsu and CR365-PMT made by Beijing Hamamatsu, and found that CR365-PMT fulfill our requirements. In this paper, test results of the first batch of 20 CR365-PMTs made by Beijing Hamamatsu for the MD array are shown.

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Performance of the Tibet hybrid experiment (YAC-II + Tibet-III + MD) to measure the energy spectra of the light primary cosmic rays at energies 50–10,000 TeV

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Simulation study of proton-induced and iron-induced extensive air shower at the knee energies using the new Tibet experiment

Simulation study of proton-induced and iron-induced extensive air shower at the knee energies using the new Tibet experiment

YAC sensitivity for measuring the light-component spectrum of primary cosmic rays at the ``knee" energies

Test results of new CR365-PMTs for the Tibet muon-detector array

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