Performance of the SRON Ti/Au transition edge sensor x-ray calorimeters

Wit, M. de; Gottardi, L.; Nagayoshi, K.; Akamatsu, Hiroki; Bruijn, M. P.; Ridder, M.; Taralli, E.; Vaccaro, D.; Gao, Jianrong; Herder, Jan-Willem A. den

doi:10.1117/12.2629368

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…These data show that reducing the TES width to 15 μm leads to a further reduction in (dI/dB)/I(0) compared with a width of 30 μm. This is expected; as the effective area of the weak-link is reduced, the current distribution across the TES is altered, and the effect of self-field from the TES current is also reduced 14 , 27 , 36 , 41 , 42 . The reduced sensitivity of the TES current to magnetic field in narrower devices correlates with a reduced gain scale sensitivity of the x-ray pulse height to variations in the magnetic field.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…This is expected; as the effective area of the weak-link is reduced, the current distribution across the TES is altered, and the effect of self-field from the TES current is also reduced. 14,27,36,41,42 The reduced sensitivity of the TES current to magnetic field in narrower devices correlates with a reduced gain scale sensitivity of the x-ray pulse height to variations in the magnetic field. This magnetic field dependence is calculated as the change in the energy gain scale at 1.5 keV δE B , after optimal filtering, divided by the change in magnetic field B.…”

Section: Energy Gain Scale Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of a hybrid array of single and multi-absorber transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters for the Line Emission Mapper

Wakeham,

Adams,

Bandler

et al. 2023

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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The Line Emission Mapper (LEM) is a proposed x-ray probe mission to study the physics of galaxy formation through spectral and spatial measurements of x-rays in the energy band of 0.2 to 2 keV. The LEM Microcalorimeter Spectrometer instrument on LEM will have a hybrid transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter array made up of an inner array of single-pixels with one x-ray absorber connected to one TES and an outer array of multi-absorber microcalorimeters, or "hydras," with four absorbers connected to a single TES, each with a different thermal conductance. Here, we characterize the first hybrid array of single-pixel and multi-absorber microcalorimeters designed for LEM. We present the fundamental transition, noise, and detector performance properties to demonstrate their suitability for the mission. We also show that the spectral resolution at the Al K α line is 1.92 AE 0.02 eV for the 4-pixel hydra (coadded) and 0.90 AE 0.02 eV for the single-pixels. This is significantly better resolution than the LEM mission level requirement. Finally, we demonstrate that the position discrimination between the four pixels of the hydra can be achieved down to 200 eV when measured with a time-division multiplexed readout using timings representative of the anticipated LEM requirements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Energy Gain Scale Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a hybrid array of single and multi-absorber transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters for the Line Emission Mapper

Wakeham,

Adams,

Bandler

et al. 2023

J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst.

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“…They have also been extensively developed for other applications, such as x-ray and nuclear spectroscopy. To the best of our knowledge, the best demonstrated FWHM energy resolutions are 0.7 eV at 1.5 keV [150] and 1.3-1.6 eV for 5.9 keV x-rays [143,144], 65 eV for 208 keV gamma rays [151] and 1.0-1.1 keV for 5.3 MeV alpha particles [11,152]. These energy resolutions are improved by orders of magnitudes compared to those of comparable commercial semiconductor detectors, such as Si(Li) detectors and high purity Ge detectors for x-rays and gamma rays and passive implanted planar Si detectors for alpha particles.…”

Section: Transition Edge Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In recent years, significant improvements have been achieved in the development of sensor materials and readout technologies, resulting in energy resolutions that are better than those of conventional detectors by orders of magnitude. For example, the highest energy resolutions achieved with superconducting microcalorimeters are a 1.3-1.6 eV FWHM at 6 keV [143][144][145] and a 0.9-1.1 keV FWHM at 5.5 MeV [11,12]. Furthermore, with a carefully chosen absorber and detection scheme, the high resolution phonon measurement technique can be accompanied by measurements in other detection channels, such as ionization and scintillation.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconducting detectors for rare event searches in experimental astroparticle physics

Kim

Lee

Yang

2022

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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Superconducting detectors have become an important tool in experimental astroparticle physics, which seeks to provide a fundamental understanding of the Universe. In particular, such detectors have demonstrated excellent potential in two challenging research areas involving rare event search experiments, namely, the direct detection of dark matter and the search for neutrinoless double beta decay. Here, we review the superconducting detectors that have been and are planned to be used in these two categories of experiments. We first provide brief histories of the two research areas and outline their significance and challenges in astroparticle physics. Then, we present an extensive overview of various types of superconducting detectors with a focus on sensor technologies and detector physics, which are based on calorimetric measurements and heat flow in the detector components. Finally, we introduce leading experiments and discuss their future prospects for the detection of dark matter and the search for neutrinoless double beta decay employing superconducting detectors.

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“…For comparison, Micromegas detectors demonstrated resolving power capabilities ΔE/E of the order of 20% at E = 6 keV, 21 whereas at SRON, we have shown resolving powers for TES micro-calorimeters at a level of 0.03%. 22 A review of the detectors currently considered for IAXO is reported in Ref. 19.…”

Section: Article Scitationorg/journal/rsimentioning

confidence: 99%

Background rates of x-ray transition-edge sensor micro-calorimeters under a frequency domain multiplexing readout for solar axion-like particles’ detection

Vaccaro

Gottardi

Akamatsu

et al. 2023

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We report on the x-ray background rate measured with transition-edge sensors (TES) micro-calorimeters under frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) readout as a possible technology for future experiments aiming at a direct detection of axion-like particles. Future axion helioscopes will make use of large magnets to convert axions into photons in the keV range and x-ray detectors to observe them. To achieve this, a detector array with high spectral performance and extremely low background is necessary. TES are single-photon, non-dispersive, high-resolution micro-calorimeters and represent a possible candidate for this application. We have been developing x-ray TES micro-calorimeters and an FDM readout technology in the framework of the space-borne x-ray astronomical observatories. We show that the current generation of our detectors is already a promising technology for a possible axion search experiment, having measured an x-ray background rate of 2.2(2) × 10−4 cm−2 s−1 keV−1 with a cryogenic demonstrator not optimized for this specific application. We then make a prospect to further improve the background rate down to the required value (<10−7 cm−2 s−1 keV−1) for an axion-search experiment, identifying no fundamental limits to reach such a level.

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Performance of the SRON Ti/Au transition edge sensor x-ray calorimeters

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Characterization of a hybrid array of single and multi-absorber transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters for the Line Emission Mapper

Characterization of a hybrid array of single and multi-absorber transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters for the Line Emission Mapper

Superconducting detectors for rare event searches in experimental astroparticle physics

Background rates of x-ray transition-edge sensor micro-calorimeters under a frequency domain multiplexing readout for solar axion-like particles’ detection

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