Performance of the Physicochemical Air Revitalization System During the Lunar-Mars Life Support Test Project Phase III Test

Brasseaux, Sandra F.; Graf, John; Lewis, John F.; Meyers, Karen E.; Rosenbaum, Melissa; Supra, Laura N.

doi:10.4271/981703

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Currently, a trace contaminant control subsystem (TCCS) is baselined for the BIO‐Plex which will scrub for various volatiles (10) to prevent overexposure of the crew. The two options available for removal of the volatiles are (a) to cover the piece of equipment with a fume hood that will be activated when the equipment is on line and direct the air stream into the TCCS for further processing or (b) to let the volatiles dissipate in the chamber air, which will be funneled through air ducks and directed to the TCCS for further processing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and Characterization of Volatiles Evolved during Extrusion of Rice and Soy Flours

et al. 2000

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NASA-Johnson Space Center is designing and building a habitat (Bioregenerative Planetary Life Support Systems Test Complex, BIO-Plex) intended for evaluating advanced life support systems developed for long-duration missions to the Moon or Mars where all consumables will be recycled and reused. A food system based on raw products obtained from higher plants (such as soybeans, rice, and wheat) may be a central feature of a biologically based Advanced Life Support System. To convert raw crops to edible ingredients or food items, multipurpose processing equipment such as an extruder is ideal. Volatile compounds evolved during the manufacturing of these food products may accumulate and reach toxic levels. Additionally, off-odors often dissipated in open-air environments without consequence may cause significant discomfort in the BIO-Plex. Rice and defatted soy flours were adjusted to 16% moisture, and triplicate samples were extruded using a tabletop single-screw extruder. The extrudate was collected in specially designed Tedlar bags from which air samples could be extracted. The samples were analyzed by GC-MS with special emphasis on compounds with Spacecraft Maximum Allowable Concentrations (SMACs). Results showed a combination of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and carbonyl compounds in the different flours. Each compound and its SMAC value, as well as its impact on the air revitalization system, was discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and Characterization of Volatiles Evolved during Extrusion of Rice and Soy Flours

et al. 2000

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“…In addition to the two main space applications of MS, which are discussed in detail here, MS has also been used for other specialized space-related applica-tions. These include the analysis of human breath to study the effects of microgravity on respiratory function [21][22][23][24], testing for propellant leaks prior to launches of the Space Shuttle [25][26][27], and validating the performance of trace contaminant removal in advanced life support systems [28]. Some of the aforementioned advanced MS concepts have been proposed for identifying sources of coolant or fuel leaks external to spacecraft during extravehicular activity (EVA) [29,30].…”

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confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry in the U.S. space program: Past, present, and future

Palmer

Limero

2001

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Recent years have witnessed significant progress on the miniaturization of mass spectrometers for a variety of field applications. This article describes the development and application of mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation to support of goals of the U.S. space program. Its main focus is on the two most common space-related applications of MS: studying the composition of planetary atmospheres and monitoring air quality on manned space missions. Both sets of applications present special requirements in terms of analytical performance (sensitivity, selectivity, speed, etc.), logistical considerations (space, weight, and power requirements), and deployment in perhaps the harshest of all possible environments (space). The MS instruments deployed on the Pioneer Venus and Mars Viking Lander missions are reviewed for the purposes of illustrating the unique features of the sample introduction systems, mass analyzers, and vacuum systems, and for presenting their specifications which are impressive even by today's standards. The various approaches for monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cabin atmospheres are also reviewed. In the past, ground-based GC/MS instruments have been used to identify and quantify VOCs in archival samples collected during the Mercury, Apollo, Skylab, Space Shuttle, and Mir missions. Some of the data from the more recent missions are provided to illustrate the composition data obtained and to underscore the need for instrumentation to perform such monitoring in situ. Lastly, the development of two emerging technologies, Direct Sampling Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry (DSITMS) and GC/Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC/IMS), will be discussed to illustrate their potential utility for future missions. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2001, 12, 656 -675)

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Energy Reuse by Matching Hot and Cold Streams in Advanced Life Support Systems

Levri¹,

Finn²

2000

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Performance of the Physicochemical Air Revitalization System During the Lunar-Mars Life Support Test Project Phase III Test

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Quantification and Characterization of Volatiles Evolved during Extrusion of Rice and Soy Flours

Quantification and Characterization of Volatiles Evolved during Extrusion of Rice and Soy Flours

Mass spectrometry in the U.S. space program: Past, present, and future

Energy Reuse by Matching Hot and Cold Streams in Advanced Life Support Systems

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