Performance of the Cepheid Xpert® SA Nasal Complete PCR assay compared to culture for detection of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization

Patel, Parul; Schora, Donna; Peterson, Kari; Grayes, Althea; Boehm, Susan; Peterson, Lance R.

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.05.019

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The specificities of both assays were relatively high (94 and 97% for the artus and Xpert assays, respectively) and compare well with other studies (78-99%) [38][39][40][41][42]. In most cases (80.5-90.5%), the two assays were in agreement as to whether MRSA, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) or no targets were present.…”

Section: Mrsasupporting

confidence: 70%

Evaluation of the novel artus C. difficile QS-RGQ, VanR QS-RGQ and MRSA/SA QS-RGQ assays for the laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), and for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening

Morris

Macfarlane-Smith

Wilcox

2016

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Section: Mrsasupporting

confidence: 70%

Evaluation of the novel artus C. difficile QS-RGQ, VanR QS-RGQ and MRSA/SA QS-RGQ assays for the laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), and for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening

Morris

Macfarlane-Smith

Wilcox

2016

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…These detection rates were comparable to those of previous reports (6), indicating that the study population consisting of 46 healthy adults was representative of the general population in terms of S. aureus nasal carriage rate. In previous studies, the diversity of S. aureus detection rates using conventional PCR methods may have resulted from multiple factors such as sampling methods, target genes, and PCR conditions (35)(36)(37). In the present study, culture-positive and -negative samples for S. aureus were independently applied to Illumina MiSeq runs, and the high S. aureus detection rate obtained by NGS methods was free from the influence of barcode sorting error in the MiSeq system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Development of a New Application for Comprehensive Viability Analysis Based on Microbiome Analysis by Next-Generation Sequencing: Insights into Staphylococcal Carriage in Human Nasal Cavities

Sasaki

Kuwahara‐Arai

et al. 2018

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The nasal carriage rate of in human is 25--30% and sporadically causes severe infections. However, mechanisms underlying staphylococcal carriage remain largely unknown. In the present study, we constructed an -based microbiome method for staphylococcal species discrimination. Based on a microbiome scheme targeting viable cell DNA using PMA dye (PMA microbiome), we also developed a new method to allow the comprehensive viability analysis of any bacterial taxon. To clarify the ecological distribution of staphylococci in the nasal microbiota, we applied these methods in 46 nasal specimens from healthy adults. PMA microbiome results showed that and were the most predominant viable taxa (average relative abundance: 0.435262 and 0.375195, respectively), and exhibited the highest viability in the nasal microbiota. detection rates from nasal specimens by-based conventional and PMA microbiome were 84.8% (39 of 46) and 69.5% (32 of 46), respectively, which substantially exceeded the values by a culture method using identical specimens (36.9%). Our results suggests that especially adapted most successfully to human nasal cavity. High detection of DNA by microbiome methods suggests that almost all healthy adults are consistently exposed to in everyday life. Furthermore, the large difference in detection rates between culture and microbiome methods suggests that cells frequently exist under the viable but non-culturable state in nasal cavities. Our method and findings will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying carriage of indigenous bacteria. Metagenomic analyses, such as 16S rRNA microbiome, have provided new insight in various research fields. However, conventional 16S rRNA microbiome dose not permit taxonomic analysis of only viable bacteria, and has poor resolving power below the genus level. Our new schemes allowed for viabile cell specific analysis and species discrimination, nasal microbiome data using these methods provided some interesting findings regarding staphylococcal nasal carriage. According to our comprehensive viability analysis, high viability of genus, especialy in human nasal carriage suggests that this taxon has adapted most successfully to human nasal tissue. And also, higher detection of DNA by microbiome methods (84.8%) than that by a culture method (36.9%) suggests that almost all healthy adults are consistently exposed to in the medium- and long-term. Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying carriage of indigenous bacteria.

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“…Additional tests included culture on TSAII plates, Gram stain analysis, Staph Plus latex agglutination, and the Xpert SA nasal complete PCR assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA) performed on the GeneXpert (Cepheid) platform, according to the manufacturer's instructions. The Cepheid Xpert SA nasal complete assay is a next-generation assay that detects S. aureus and MRSA DNA using 3 targets (spa, SCCmec, and mecA) (25). This test was used to help with samples with discrepant results, since it is a more accurate assay, which, like the BD Max new-generation assays, has the ability to identify mecA dropouts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of BD Max StaphSR and BD Max MRSA XT Assays Using ESwab-Collected Specimens

et al. 2015

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The BD Max MRSAXT and the BD Max StaphSR assays were validated for the detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in ESwab samples. In addition, the BD Max StaphSR assay was evaluated for its ability to detect and differentiate S. aureus and MRSA in the same sample. A total of 255 ESwab samples collected from the anterior nares of patients were tested by each of three BD Max assays, including the BD Max MRSA first-generation assay. The results were compared to those of direct and enrichment culture. Additionally, a challenge panel comprising 14 control strains was evaluated to determine the ability of these assays to correctly identify MRSA and also appropriately differentiate S. Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of health care-associated infections. Infection due to S. aureus imposes a high and increasing burden on health care resources and increases morbidity and mortality. Nasal carriage of S. aureus has been identified as a risk factor for the development of infections in various settings. This has been studied extensively in surgical patients (general, orthopedic, and thoracic surgery), patients on hemodialysis, patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), HIV-infected patients, and patients in intensive care units (1, 2). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections (3, 4). MRSA can colonize the nares, skin, and other body sites, serving as a reservoir for infection and transmission in health care environments (5-7). Screening for MRSA colonization in order to help identify patients at greater risk for MRSA infection and to allow for the initiation of isolation precautions has become standard practice in many institutions (5,6,(8)(9)(10).MRSA screening using molecular amplification methods provides faster results than culture and has been demonstrated to be more sensitive (11-15). However, most of the molecular commercially available rapid tests are based on the detection of a sequence indicating the integration of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element (SCCmec) within the chromosome and do not specifically target the methicillin resistance gene mecA (16). S. aureus isolates with an SCCmec lacking the mecA gene have been described and can be incorrectly identified as MRSA by assays that do not specifically target the mecA gene (17). False-positive results can lead to unnecessary and expensive isolation and treatment of patients. In addition, MRSA strains with the newly discovered methicillin resistance gene mecC account for 3 to 4% of all new MRSA cases in Denmark (18) and cannot be detected by assays that do not detect the mecC gene (19). These false-negative results can lead to uncontrolled transmission of undetected MRSA strains.The BD Max StaphSR and the BD Max MRSAXT assays (BD Diagnostics, Québec, Canada) performed on the BD Max system (BD Diagnostics, Sparks, MD) are next-generation automated qualitative in vitro diagnostic tests able to detect MRSA strains harboring the m...

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Performance of the Cepheid Xpert® SA Nasal Complete PCR assay compared to culture for detection of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of the novel artus C. difficile QS-RGQ, VanR QS-RGQ and MRSA/SA QS-RGQ assays for the laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), and for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening

Evaluation of the novel artus C. difficile QS-RGQ, VanR QS-RGQ and MRSA/SA QS-RGQ assays for the laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), and for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) screening

Development of a New Application for Comprehensive Viability Analysis Based on Microbiome Analysis by Next-Generation Sequencing: Insights into Staphylococcal Carriage in Human Nasal Cavities

Evaluation of BD Max StaphSR and BD Max MRSA XT Assays Using ESwab-Collected Specimens

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