PERFORMANCE OF THE ALFALFA BLOTCH LEAFMINER, <i>AGROMYZA FRONTELLA</i> (DIPTERA: AGROMYZIDAE), ON FOUR ALFALFA VARIETIES

Drolet, Jacques; McNeil, Jeremy N.

doi:10.4039/ent116795-6

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…frontella. However, given that ( i ) larval development is rapid, (ii) older individuals do not always win all encounters, and (iii) new leaflets, the preferred oviposition site (Drolet and McNeil 1984), are continually being produced, one would not expect intraspecific competition to result in a skewed age (size) distribution (Fox 1975a) or a reduced generation time (Stinner et al 1977) in field populations of A . frontella.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific competition between different aged larvae of Agromyza frontella (Rondani) (Diptera: Agromyzidae): advantages of an oviposition-deterring pheromone

Quiring¹,

McNeil²

1984

Can. J. Zool.

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1984. lntraspecific competition between different aged larvae of Agromyzn frontella (Rondani) (Diptera: Agromyzidae): advantages of an oviposition-deterring pheromone. Can. J. Zool. 62: 2192-2 196. In laboratory studies evaluating the effects of intraspecific competition between Agromyza frontella larvae of different ages, individuals starting 24 or 48 h before other larvae within the same leaflet largely escaped the negative effects of competition. However, larvae starting development later experienced a higher incidence of mortality and reduced pupal weight. Thus an oviposition-deterring pheromone laid down by ovipositing A. frontella females would only have to remain effective for 24 h to confer a competitive advantage to the first individual developing within the leaflet. In two separate field tests this proved to be the case, with active pheromone remaining for >24 h under both hot and rainy conditions. There has been some doubt concerning the adaptive value of certain oviposition-deterring pheromones under field conditions because of their water-soluble nature. The results of these experiments would suggest that the required active life of an oviposition-deterring pheromone may be considerably shorter than previously thought, and thus their persistence, even for short periods, may be adequate to reduce intraspecific competition in natural populations. QUIRING, D. T., et J. N . MCNEIL. 1984. Intraspecific competition between different aged larvae of Agromyzcr frontella (Rondani) (Diptera: Agromyzidae): advantages of an oviposition-deterring pheromone. Can. J. ZooI. 62: 2192-2196.L'etude en laboratoire des effets de la competition intraspecifique entre des larves d'riges differents d'A~romyza frontella, a montre que les individus ayant eclos 24 ou 48 h avant les autres ii I'interieur du m6me foliole, ont largement Cchappe aux effets negatifs de la competition. Cependant, chez les larves ayant debut6 leur developpement plus tard, I'incidence de la mortalite a ete plus elevee et le poids des pupes plus faible. Donc une pheromone de marquage, comme celle deposee par les femelles d'Agromyza frontella apres la ponte, n'aurait qu'a persister pour une pkriode de 24 h seulement afin d'offrir un avantage competitif au premier individu se developpant h I'interieur du foliole. Au cours de deux tests separes, realises sur le terrain, l'activite de la pheromone s'est maintenue pour plus de 24 h sous des conditions de temperature elevke ou de pluie. La valeur adaptative de certaines pheromones de marquage en nature a ete mise en doute etant donne leur solubilite dans I'eau. Les resultats obtenus au cours de ces tests indiqueraient que la duree de vie active d'une pheromone de marquage pourrait 6tre considerabIement plus courte que ce qu'on a d'abord pense et qu'en consequence, sa persistance, m6me pour de courtes pkriodes, pourrait etre suffisante pour reduire la competition intraspecifique dans les populations naturelles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific competition between different aged larvae of Agromyza frontella (Rondani) (Diptera: Agromyzidae): advantages of an oviposition-deterring pheromone

Quiring¹,

McNeil²

1984

Can. J. Zool.

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“…One of the wild populations (Leavenworth, KS) had higher fecundity in the first ten days and (statistically) significantly higher total fecundity on 'AxR# 1' (Fig. Drolet & McNeil (1984) and Romanow et al (1991) have observed a similar lack of correspondence between total fecundity and the intrinsic rate of increase when evaluating the fitness of alfalfa blotch leafminer (Agromyza frontella Rhodani) and greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood), respectively, on different host plant culti,zars. This difference in fecundity did not, however, translate into significantly greater fitness because this population had a slightly older age of first reproduction which offset the fecundity difference (Birch, 1948;Lewontin, 1965).…”

Section: This Results Is Surprising Because 'Cabernetmentioning

confidence: 77%

Variation in performance on two grape cultivars within and among populations of grape Phylloxera from wild and cultivated habitats

Hawthorne¹,

Via²

1994

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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When an indigenous insect becomes a pest, comparisons of performance of pest and non-pest populations on crop plants and of genetic variation in that performance may provide insight into the evolution of pest populations. To measure such genetic variation, 8-15clones of the grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) were collected from wild grapevines in each of 3 geographically isolated sites (populations) and from commercial vineyards in northern California. A complete life table was made for clonal replicates from populations collected from wild grapevines on each of two commercial grape cultivars, the susceptible Vitis vinifera (L.) cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon, and the phylloxera-resistant rootstock 'AxR # 1'. Variation in mean performance on these two hosts was partitioned among clones within collection sites and among sites. Performance measures included an individual analog to the intrinsic rate of increase (r), age at first oviposition, fecundity in the first ten days of reproduction, total fecundity, and longevity. The overall performance of phylloxera from the wild grapevines on the resistant cultivar AxR # 1 was greater than or equal to that on the susceptible cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon. There was significant variation among clones within populations from wild grapes in the rate of increase on 'AxR# 1' and marginally significant clonal variation in some of the component parameters. There was no significant variation among clones within populations on 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and no significant differences between populations on either crop in any trait.In a second experiment we compared the relative performance of 15-17 clones from wild grapevines and from commercial vineyards when reared on 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'AxR # 1'. Phylloxera from commercial vineyards had much higher overall performance on 'Cabernet Sauvignon' than did phylloxera from the wild grapevines. Phylloxera from the commercial vineyard also had higher performance on 'Cabernet Sauvignon' than on 'AxR' 1' but the performance of the phylloxera from wild and commercial grapes did not differ on 'AxR # 1'.Our results show that there is genetic variation in traits related to performance on a resistant rootstock within these indigenous non-pest populations of phylloxera, but not among them. The pattern of performance of pest and non-pest populations on two commercial cultivars suggests that current levels of phylloxera performance on crop cultivars are the result of adaptation to those cultivars which has occurred while phylloxera has been associated with viticulture. Implications of these results for understanding the recent adaptation of phylloxera to 'AxR# 1' in California are also discussed.

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“…Length of pupae was found to stabilize after 3 days in an experiment, in which pupae were measured daily (n= 71, mean reduction in length of pupae as their age increased from 0 to 9 days was 0.02 mm with a maximum of 0.10 mm at 25 ~ r.h. 7007o). Shrinking of agromyzid pupae was earlier found by Drolet & McNeil (1984).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The life-history variables can be combined in an index, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm), estimated under specific, well-defined conditions (Krebs, 1982). For instance, Drolet & McNeil (1984) found significant differences in different life-history variables of Agromyzafrontella (Rondani) on four alfalfa cultivars, but the r m values on these cultivars were very similar suggesting little effect of cultivar on the population dynamics of A. frontella. However, comparison of the performance of Liriomyza spp.…”

Section: ~mentioning

confidence: 95%

Life history of the agromyzid fly Liriomyza trifolii on tomato at different temperatures

Minkenberg

1988

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The effects of three constant (15 °C, 20°C and 25 °C) and one alternating (16–22 °C, mean 19.5 °C) temperatures on development, mortality, feeding, fecundity and longevity of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) on tomato plants cv. ‘Moneydor’ were examined in the laboratory. Development rates and thresholds for each instar were estimated by means of linear regression. No correlation was found between life history variables and pupal length. Further, data on the biology of L. trifolii are given and discussed. The intrinsic rate of increase, rm, varied from −0.0023 viable female eggs/♀/day at 15 °C to 0.1254 eggs/♀/day at 25 °C and net reproduction from one viable female egg/ ♀ at 15 °C to 26 eggs/ ♀ at 20 °C. Generation time varied from 48 days at 15 °C to 24 days at 25 °C. Ninety % oviposition occurred within the first 115 degree‐days of adult life at both 20 °C and 25 °C. Fecundity and longevity were highly correlated with the number of feeding punctures. The data indicate that tomato is a suitable host plant allowing populations of L. trifolii to increase if temperatures are above 16 °C. RÉSUMÉ Influence de la température sur la biologie de Liriomyza trifolii élevé sur tomates La vitesse de développement, la mortalité, l'alimentation, la fécondité et la longévité de L. trifolii (Burgess) élevés sur plants de tomates du cultivar ‘Moneydor’ ont été examinées au laboratoire sous 3 températures constantes (15 °C, 20 °C et 25 °C) et une thermopériode (16/22 °C, moyenne 19,5 °C). Les taux de développement et les seuils de chaque stade ont été déterminés à partir des droites de régressions. Aucune corrélation n'a été mise en évidence entre ces variables biologiques et la taille des pupes. De plus, certaines données sur la biologie de L. trifolii sont fournies et discutées. Le taux intrinsèque d'accroissement, rm a varié de −0,0023 oeuf viable/femelle/jour à 15 °C à 0,1254 oeuf viable/femelle/jour à 25 °C et la reproduction nette de 1 oeuf femelle viable/femelle à 15 °C à 26 oeufs femelles viables/femelle à 25 °C. La durée d'une génération a varié de 48 jours à 15 °C à 24 j à 25 °C. 90% de la ponte a eu lieu dans les 115 premiers degrés jours de la vie imaginale à 20 et 25 °C. La fécondité et la longévité étaient fortement liées au nombre de piqûres nutritionnelles. Ces résultats montrent que la tomate est un hôte convenable permettant aux populations de L. trifolii de se développer lorsque la température est supérieure à 16 °C.

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PERFORMANCE OF THE ALFALFA BLOTCH LEAFMINER, AGROMYZA FRONTELLA (DIPTERA: AGROMYZIDAE), ON FOUR ALFALFA VARIETIES

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Intraspecific competition between different aged larvae of Agromyza frontella (Rondani) (Diptera: Agromyzidae): advantages of an oviposition-deterring pheromone

Intraspecific competition between different aged larvae of Agromyza frontella (Rondani) (Diptera: Agromyzidae): advantages of an oviposition-deterring pheromone

Variation in performance on two grape cultivars within and among populations of grape Phylloxera from wild and cultivated habitats

Life history of the agromyzid fly Liriomyza trifolii on tomato at different temperatures

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