Performance of tetraploid alfalfa genotypes as exposed to aluminum toxicity

Passos, Leônidas Paixão; Köpp, Maurício Marini; Lédo, Francisco José Silva

doi:10.4236/as.2012.32027

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The analysis showed significant interaction (p <0.05) among the ten parameters. Similar result observed was in biomass related trait in rice [ 18 , 46 ], alfalfa [ 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Morpho-physiological analysis of tolerance to aluminum toxicity in rice varieties of North East India

et al. 2017

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Aluminum (Al) is the third most abundant metal in earth crust, whose chemical form is mainly dependent on soil pH. The most toxic form of Al with respect to plants is Al3+, which exists in soil pH <5. Acidic soil significantly limits crop production mainly due to Al3+ toxicity worldwide, impacting approximately 50% of the world’s arable land (in North-Eastern India 80% soil are acidic). Al3+ toxicity in plants ensues root growth inhibition leading to less nutrient and water uptake impacting crop productivity as a whole. Rice is one of the chief grains which constitutes the staple food of two-third of the world population including India and is not untouched by Al3+ toxicity. Al contamination is a critical constraint to plant production in agricultural soils of North East India. 24 indigenous Indica rice varieties (including Badshahbhog as tolerant check and Mashuri as sensitive check) were screened for Al stress tolerance in hydroponic plant growth system. Results show marked difference in growth parameters (relative growth rate, Root tolerance index, fresh and dry weight of root) of rice seedlings due to Al (100 μM) toxicity. Al3+ uptake and lipid peroxidation level also increased concomitantly under Al treatment. Histochemical assay were also performed to elucidate uptake of aluminum, loss of membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation, which were found to be more in sensitive genotypes at higher Al concentration. This study revealed that aluminum toxicity is a serious harmful problem for rice crop productivity in acid soil. Based on various parameters studied it’s concluded that Disang is a comparatively tolerant variety whereas Joymati a sensitive variety. Western blot hybridization further strengthened the claim, as it demonstrated more accumulation of Glutathione reductase (GR) protein in Disang rice variety than Joymati under stressed condition. This study also observed that the emergence of lethal toxic symptoms occurs only after 48h irrespective of the dose used in the study.

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“…The analysis showed significant interaction (p <0.05) among the ten parameters. Similar result observed was in biomass related trait in rice [ 18 , 46 ], alfalfa [ 68 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Morpho-physiological analysis of tolerance to aluminum toxicity in rice varieties of North East India

et al. 2017

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“…According to Leônidas et al (2012), the main Al damage to plant development is primarily related to cell death of the tissues in direct contact with the toxic element, in this case roots, which, therefore, should exhibit more pronounced symptoms of toxicity of this metal. The slower growth of the seedling aerial part occurs due to side effects related to the observed lower root development (Zhang et al, 2007).…”

Section: Hydroponic Screening Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of Medicago sativa to mobile aluminium toxicity at seedling stage

Liatukienė¹,

Ruzgas²,

Liatukas³

et al. 2020

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Aluminium (Al) toxicity is a major limiting factor of crop production in acidic soils. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the development of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars and their response to mobile Al toxicity. Three screening methods: filter paper-based, hydroponic and soil-based, were used to assess 13 M. sativa cultivars for their tolerance of mobile Al. Major biological indicators used to analyse mobile Al tolerance were hypocotyl length, root length and root and hypocotyl tolerance index. Toxic effects of mobile Al manifested themselves on all the biological indicators tested, which was shown by the correlations between the biological indicators and screening methods. Under filter paper-based method, the root and hypocotyl tolerance index ranged from 0.0% to 23.2% and from 0.0% to 37.2%, respectively at 16 mM AlCl 3 (aluminium chloride). Greater differences in M. sativa cultivars' tolerance to mobile Al toxicity were identified between the hydroponic and soil-based methods. In the hydroponic method, the root and hypocotyl tolerance index ranged from 41.0% to 78.2% and from 62.1% to 90.2%, respectively at 50 μM AlCl 3. Under the soil-based method, hypocotyls were more damaged by Al toxicity compared with roots at soil pH 4.5 and 4.3. The root and hypocotyl tolerance index at pH 4.5 was 73.5% and 39.3%, at pH 4.3-35.6% and 26.3%, respectively. The cultivars 'Mriia odes'ka', 'Romagnola', 'Kunsmme' and 'Juurlu' were distinguished by the highest root and hypocotyl tolerance index under hydroponic and soil-based methods. 'Žydrūnė', 'Birutė', 'Magnat', 'Viktoria' and 'Magda' were distinguished by root and hypocotyl tolerance index under hydroponic method. The root tolerance index of these cultivars was the highest under filter paper-based method. These cultivars are considered as tolerant accessions and may be used as donors in breeding for Al toxicity tolerance.

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“…Dessa forma, preveniram-se problemas de compactação, os quais tendem a inibir o pleno desenvolvimento das raízes, e de absorção deficiente de nutrientes, a qual se verifica fora da faixa de pH utilizada. 24 Plântulas de azevém anual cv. BRS Ponteio foram adquiridas e selecionadas quanto à uniformidade, a partir da semeadura e crescimento por 25 dias, tempo necessário para a germinação e maturação da espécie, em SOC com fornecimento hídrico contínuo via sistema de capilaridade utilizando água deionizada.…”

Section: Procedimentounclassified

“…Ao final deste período, houve a seleção de 10 espécimes por recipiente (parcelas) para o monitoramento e de cada parcela foram analisados os valores iniciais de indicadores fisiológicos, antes de serem submetidos ao tratamento experimental com o LE. 24 O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, utilizando-se 2 tratamentos, a adição de LE puro no solo e o grupo controle (Br), em triplicatas, contendo 10 espécimes por parcela, sendo repetido 4 vezes, nos meses de março, abril, maio e junho de 2017.…”

Section: Procedimentounclassified

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Physiological Responses and Absorption of Metals in Itallian Ryegrass Leaves Cultivated With Sewage Sludge and Its Relationships With Organic Acids

Fonseca¹,

Oliveira²,

Passos³

et al. 2020

Rev. Virtual Quim.

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In this work, the physiological responses and leaf uptake of Cu, Cr, Fe, Pb and Zn were evaluated during the initial growth of Italian ryegrass with addition of urban sewage sludge (LE) and its relationship with the foliar levels of organic acids (OA) obtained by a simple extraction method, using only water as solvent and with less extraction time. The minimum and maximum contents (mg kg-1) found in Italian ryegrass leaves after 14 days in contact with the sludge (Cu: 12.6-21.2; Cr: 26.9-130; Fe: 395.9-6171 and Zn: 138-1190) indicated the bioaccumulation potential of the species. Only Pb concentration was below the limit of detection (LD) and quantification (LQ). Citric acid (1,966 mg g-1) and malic acid (0.957 mg g-1) were successfully quantified, along with positively identified peaks of aspartic acid, indicating that those AO might be related to the nutritional behavior of the species, particularly in the regulation of the uptake of elements harmful to metabolism. Based on the stability constants of malic acid for the formation of organo-metallic complexes (Kest: 3.40 for Cu, 2.75 for Pb and 2.00 for Zn), in addition to interaction studies of carboxyl groups with metal ions, especially the citrate group, it can be suggested that the exudation of citric, malic and aspartic acids promotes uptake and retention of metals, thus facilitating the adaptation of the species in anthropic systems. It is concluded that Italian ryegrass responds positively to the application of LE, however accumulating metals at levels potentially harmful. Neste trabalho foi avaliado as respostas fisiológicas e a absorção foliar de Cu, Cr, Fe, Pb e Zn durante o cultivo inicial do azevém anual com adição de lodo de esgoto (LE) e suas relações com os teores foliares de ácidos orgânicos de baixo massa molecular (AO), obtidos por um método de extração simples, utilizando apenas água como solvente e com menor tempo de extração. Os teores mínimo e máximo (mg kg-1) encontrados em folhas de azevém anual após 14 dias em contato com o lodo (Cu: 12,6-21,2; Cr: 26,9-130; Fe: 395,9-6171 e Zn: 138-1190) indicaram o potencial de bioacumulação da espécie. Apenas a concentração de Pb ficou abaixo do limite de detecção (LD) e quantificação (LQ). Foram quantificados os ácido cítrico (1.966 mg g-1) e málico (0,957 mg g-1) nas folhas e identificados picos de ácido aspártico, indicando que os mesmos podem estar relacionados ao comportamento nutricional da espécie, particularmente na promoção ou inibição da absorção de elementos ao metabolismo. Com base nas constantes de estabilidade do ácido málico para a formação de complexos organo-metálicos (Kest: 3,40 para o Cu; 2,75 para o Pb e 2,00 para o Zn), além de estudos de interação de grupos carboxilados com íons metálicos, em especial o grupo citrato, pode-se sugerir que a exsudação dos ácidos cítrico, málico e aspártico promove a absorção e retenção de metais e facilita a adaptação da espécie em sistemas antropizados.

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Performance of tetraploid alfalfa genotypes as exposed to aluminum toxicity

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

Morpho-physiological analysis of tolerance to aluminum toxicity in rice varieties of North East India

Morpho-physiological analysis of tolerance to aluminum toxicity in rice varieties of North East India

The response of Medicago sativa to mobile aluminium toxicity at seedling stage

Physiological Responses and Absorption of Metals in Itallian Ryegrass Leaves Cultivated With Sewage Sludge and Its Relationships With Organic Acids

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