Performance of sunflower cultivars at different seeding periods in central Brazil

Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is a very important crop for Brazil, and especially for Chapada do Parecis which is the largest domestic producer, because of its climate and soil conditions are adequate to the development of the specie. The performance of cultivars and sunflower seed sowing periods were evaluated in Central Brazil. Experimental design comprised an 8 x 5 factorial randomized complete block, with eight sunflower cultivars (Aguará 06, Aguará 04, MG 305, CF 101, SYN 3950HO, SYN 045, GNZ NEON and HELIO 251) and five decennial seeding periods, with three replicates. Analysis of variance and Scott-Knott´s test (p<0.05) were applied. Cultivars GNZ NEON and SYN 045 provide the highest production rates in achenes, with higher value in favor of GNZ NEON. SYN 3950HO (this with higher value), CF101, MG 305, SYN 045 and Aguará 04 gets the highest oil rates in the achenes, with SYN 045, GNZ NEON, Aguará 04, CF101 and SYN 3950HO with the highest oil production. The first seed sowing period is the most productive and the first and fifth periods have the best results for oil productivity. Cultivar GNZ NEON and the first period exceede the others with regard to vegetative and reproductive variables.Index terms: Agronomic characteristics; varietal performance; planting date; Helianthus annuus; plant productivity. RESUMOO girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) é uma cultura de grande importância para o Brasil, e especialmente para Chapada do Parecis, que é o maior produtor nacional, em virtude das suas condições edafoclimáticas serem propicias ao desenvolvimento da espécie. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de cultivares e épocas de semeadura do girassol no Brasil Central. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 8 x 5, sendo oito cultivares de girassol (Aguará 06, Aguará 04, MG 305, CF 101, SYN 3950HO, SYN 045, NEON e HELIO 251) e cinco épocas decendiais de semeadura, com três repetições. Aplicou-se análise de variância e teste Scott-Knott (p<0,05). As cultivares GNZ NEON e SYN 045 proporcionaram maiores produtividades de aquênios, com valor superior em favor da GNZ NEON. A SYN 3950HO (esta com valor superior), CF101, MG 305, SYN 045 e Aguará 04, obtiveram os maiores teores de óleo nos aquênios. A 1ª época de semeadura foi a mais produtiva, assim como a 1ª e a 5ª épocas apresentaram os melhores resultados para produtividade de óleo. A cultivar GNZ NEON e a 1ª época foram as que se destacaram das demais, tanto para as variáveis vegetativas como para as reprodutivas.Termos para indexação: Características agronômicas; desempenho varietal; períodos de plantio; Helianthus annuus; produtividade vegetal.

Sunflower performance as a function of phosphate fertilization in semiarid conditions

“…The percentage of oil accumulated by the cultivars is within the average obtained in many regions of northeastern Brazilian (35 to 55%) and obtained in other studies of sunflower cultivars (Birck et al, 2017). Similar results were reported by Santos, Melo, Souza, and Primo (2010), whom studied the effect of phosphorus and boron on the yield of grain and oil from sunflower in the state of Bahia and obtained the highest oil content (45%) with application of 200 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 .…”

“…There were no adjustments were made for the regression curves for the 2017 harvest, with the mean values observed of 632 (Aguará 06), 681 (Altis 99), and 443 (Embrapa 122-V2000) achenes per capitulum ( Figure 3B). The result was superior to what was found by Birck et al (2017), with dose of phosphorus of 84 kg ha -1 in the sunflower crop obtained 978 achenes per capitulum (Agurá 06) for a soil P content of 6.1 mg dm -3 . Phosphorus plays a fundamental role in the process of achene formation since its absorption occurs until the filling stage of achenes, supplying the development of the capitulum through a sourcedrain relationship.…”

Proline content of sunflower cultivars in the Brazilian semiarid region

“…The cultivation area of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Brazil is small; in the 2015/2016 harvest, it measured only 51.4 thousand hectares (Conab, 2017). However, as this oilseed has a great adaptation capacity to different latitudes, longitudes, and photoperiods, and it is more tolerant to drought than corn and sorghum, it has been considered an alternative crop for cultivation in the Brazilian semiarid region (Birck et al, 2017).…”

Performance of Sunflower Hybrids Cultivated in Different Sowing Seasons in Mato Grosso, Brazil

“…From the sunflower achenes (Helianthus annuus) is extracted high-quality oil used mainly in the food industry [1,2]. This species presents important agronomic characteristics, such as greater resistance to drought, cold and heat than most species normally grown in Brazil [3,4,5]. In addition, its yield is little influenced by latitude, altitude and photoperiod [6].…”