Performance of standard and modified network protocols in a real-time application

Quasi-FIFO back-off scheme for collision resolution in wireless networks

“…The process continues until the last contention window where all the transmissions are successful and no collisions occur (e.g. W 14 and W 23 in Fig. 2).…”

“…Because each user doubles the back-off window size after each collision, a user with a new packet at the head of the queue, either after a successful transmission or after a dropped packet, is much more likely to acquire the channel than those users who have already experienced a couple of collisions. This phenomenon, termed "grabbing effect," leads to unfair bandwidth utilization [14][15][16][17], allowing a single user or a few "winning" users to dominate the entire bandwidth. Furthermore, as the number of users approaches infinity, BEB becomes unstable for every arrival rate greater than 0 [18].…”