Performance of silane impregnants for the protection of reinforced concrete

Christodoulou, Christian; Tiplady, H.; Goodier, Chris I.; Austin, Simon A.

doi:10.1201/b17394-60

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Many types of protective materials do exist and they are widely used for protecting concrete (Christodoulou et al, 2014;Bubalo, et al 2014;Al-Kheetan et al, 2017b, c) and, on a narrower level, protecting masonry structures. Cementitious coating materials have been tested to treat water tanks and swimming pools, and they have shown some…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation and protection of masonry structures with crystallising moisture blocking treatment

Al‐Kheetan

Rahman

Chamberlain³

2018

IJBPA

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of new and innovative crystallising materials, so-called moisture blockers, in protecting masonry structures from water ingress. Design/methodology/approach Two masonry wells were constructed: one with lime mortar and the other with cement-based mortar in order to hold water inside, and then a moisture blocking product was applied at dry and wet conditions to the negative hydrostatic pressure side. The moisture levels of both, the surfaces and the substrate, were then observed for 14 days. Findings Results demonstrated that moisture blocking materials are effective methods in reducing the levels of surface moisture for bricks, mortar-brick interface and mortar. Originality/value Moisture blockers use the available water in the masonry to block the passage of water to the surface of the masonry, filling pores, cracks and spaces at the interface between mortar and bricks. This approach will deliver a wider understanding of how water-based moisture blockers work and the scenarios in which they are best applied. The pursuit of possible environmentally friendly and sustainable materials for use in the construction industry is the key driver of this research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation and protection of masonry structures with crystallising moisture blocking treatment

Al‐Kheetan

Rahman

Chamberlain³

2018

IJBPA

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“…The effectiveness of these types of materials depends primarily on the extent of penetration that they can achieve More penetration depth inside the pores will result in better protection 13,24 . However, some uncertainties regarding their performance, durability, and impact on the environment were raised by some recent research 22,25,26 . The failure of such materials to protect wet concrete surfaces and the inclusion of some certain organic solvents in their chemical structure, which adversely affects the environment, prompted researchers to aim into some alternative water‐tolerant and environmentally sustainable products 14,16,27,28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance of hydrophobic concrete with different moisture contents to advanced freeze–thaw cycles

Al‐Kheetan

Al-Tarawneh

Ghaffar

et al. 2020

Structural Concrete

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This article is aimed at investigating the long‐term performance of three original hydrophobic materials, namely, sodium acetate, fluoropolymer, and silicone resin. Their performance was compared with traditional silane when applied to fully dry concrete, fully saturated concrete, and concrete with 2 and 4% moisture content. A recently developed freeze–thaw process, which is based on temperature and humidity variations, was employed in this study to assess the durability of applied materials. The outcomes of the adopted freeze–thaw system were compared with the results obtained from running a conventional freeze–thaw test. Mass change, water absorption, and microcracks development of treated concrete were investigated and compared with untreated concrete after completing 6 months of freeze–thaw cycles. Results confirmed the high affinity of the proposed materials to moisture at application time compared with silane. Additionally, it was demonstrated that moisture content has a critical impact on the bonding between applied materials and concrete, hence their efficacy in enhancing the durability of concrete.

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“…In latest years, more interest in protecting concrete by hydrophobic impregnation has come to light (Rahman et al 2013, Al-Kheetan et al 2018b. Silane and Siloxane impregnants were one of the first effective hydrophobic treatments to be used for enhancing concrete's impermeability of water and resistance to chemical attacks (Basheer et al 1997, De Vries and Polder 1997, Zhan et al 2003, Zhan et al 2005, Dai et al 2007, Hosoda et al 2010, Christodoulou et al 2014. However, some doubts were raised recently regarding the performance and sustainability of these products (Christodoulou et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silane and Siloxane impregnants were one of the first effective hydrophobic treatments to be used for enhancing concrete's impermeability of water and resistance to chemical attacks (Basheer et al 1997, De Vries and Polder 1997, Zhan et al 2003, Zhan et al 2005, Dai et al 2007, Hosoda et al 2010, Christodoulou et al 2014. However, some doubts were raised recently regarding the performance and sustainability of these products (Christodoulou et al 2014). Accordingly, researchers started to look for some alternative and high performance materials that are either extracted from natural resources like natural oils, fatty acids, and animal bloods (Justnes et al 2004, Albayrak et al 2005, Wittmann et al 2011, or industrially manufactured like crystallising materials, moisture blockers, cementitious coatings and silicate materials (Rahman and Chamberlain 2016, Al-Kheetan et al 2017, Al-Kheetan et al 2018a, Al-Kheetan et al 2018b, Al-Kheetan et al 2018c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture evaluation of concrete pavement treated with hydrophobic surface impregnants

Al-Kheetan,

Rahman,

Chamberlain

2019

International Journal of Pavement Engineering

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Despite excellent service history, concrete pavement faces accelerated deterioration due to water and chemical ingress through micro cracks and surface voids. Surface protection could be an inexpensive way of enhancing the durability of concrete pavement. This research focuses on evaluating the performance of three surface applied hydrophobic materials with different chemistries; fluoropolymer, silicate resin and sodium acetate crystallising material. Tests consisted of a microscopic study to assess the mechanism of treatment, contact angle and pendulum tests to evaluate the hydrophobicity and frictional properties of treatment respectively. Also, surface absorption and water intake tests were conducted to appraise the resistance of treatment to absorb water. It was found that all three materials are capable of developing a hydrophobic effect in concrete, but with different efficacy in reducing water absorption. The rate of water absorption was minimum for sodium acetate compared to fluoropolymer and silicate resin treatments. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis revealed different interaction approaches for the three materials with concrete.

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Performance of silane impregnants for the protection of reinforced concrete

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Remediation and protection of masonry structures with crystallising moisture blocking treatment

Remediation and protection of masonry structures with crystallising moisture blocking treatment

Resistance of hydrophobic concrete with different moisture contents to advanced freeze–thaw cycles

Moisture evaluation of concrete pavement treated with hydrophobic surface impregnants

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