Performance of pressure-compensating emitters using treated sewage effluent for irrigation

Abstract

A B S T R A C TThis study aimed to evaluate the flow variation of pressure-compensating emitters using treated sewage effluent (TSE). A drip irrigation system with four types of pressurecompensating emitters (G1 -Naan Dan Jain Model Top Drip, G2 -Naan Dan Jain Model Naan PC, G3 -Drip-Plan, G4 -Naan Dan Jain Model Naan Amnon) was installed with TSE from the sewage treatment station, filtered through a disc filter (120 mesh). Seven evaluations of flow rate of the drippers were performed (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 h of operation) operating at 100 kPa. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4 x 7 factorial arrangement (4 models and 7 times) with four replicates and Tukey test to compare the means. The relative flow rate (Qr), flow rate coefficient of variation (CVQ) and degree of clogging (DC) were determined. It was found that the models of emitters were not much susceptible to clogging during the operation of the system. The G4 model showed better performance compared with the others, presenting mean Qr of 99.92%, CVQ of 2.69% and DC of 1.19% at the end of the experiment. The results revealed that emitters are affected by the time of use of TSE.

Clogging dynamics for dripping irrigation systems using dairy effluent

“…The use of wastewater for irrigation is a viable alternative to supply water and nutrients to plants, in addition to contributing to the awareness of better use of water resources (Fischer Filho et. al., 2016).…”

“…Hence, maintaining the high uniformity of application of effluents in irrigation systems becomes essential for efficient irrigation in terms of the use of water resources and cost reduction. However, due to the presence of physical, chemical and biological agents in sewage effluent, drippers become susceptible to changes in flow and reduced uniformity of application (Fischer Filho et. Al., 2016).…”