Performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene) organic field-effect transistors on cross-linked poly(4-vinyl phenol) dielectric layer and solvent effects

Sethuraman, K.; Ochiai, Shizuyasu; Kojima, K.; Mizutani, Teruyoshi

doi:10.1063/1.2918979

Cited by 42 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The same holds for the (010) Bragg reflections which correspond to 0.38 nm (see Table 1). These values agree well with lattice constants of P3HT published by other groups 31, 32, 45…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Solvent‐Induced Morphology in Polymer‐Based Systems for Organic Photovoltaics

Ruderer

Guo

Meier

et al. 2011

Adv Funct Materials

224

277

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Studies on the influence of four different solvents on the morphology and photovoltaic performance of bulk‐heterojunction films made of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) via spin‐coating for photovoltaic applications are reported. Solvent‐dependent PCBM cluster formation and P3HT crystallization during thermal annealing are investigated with optical microscopy and grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) and are found to be insufficient to explain the differences in device performance. A combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM), X‐ray reflectivity (XRR), and grazing‐incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS) investigations results in detailed knowledge of the inner film morphology of P3HT:PCBM films. Vertical and lateral phase separation occurs during spin‐coating and annealing, depending on the solvent used. The findings are summarized in schematics and compared with the IV characteristics. The main influence on the photovoltaic performance arises from the vertical material composition and the existence of lateral phase separation fitting to the exciton diffusion length. Absorption and photoluminescence measurements complement the structural analysis.

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“…The same holds for the (010) Bragg reflections which correspond to 0.38 nm (see Table 1). These values agree well with lattice constants of P3HT published by other groups 31, 32, 45…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Solvent‐Induced Morphology in Polymer‐Based Systems for Organic Photovoltaics

Ruderer

Guo

Meier

et al. 2011

Adv Funct Materials

224

277

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This value is in good agreement with previous investigations. 43,[45][46][47] The FWHM value of 0.63 ± 0.05 is obtained by fitting this Bragg peak and corresponds to the 30 correlation length of 10 ± 0.8 nm in the (100) direction, as determined by using the Scherrer equation. The (100) peak does not change with illumination time, indicating that the P3HT crystalline order is stable with respect to the edge-on orientation in the inverted polymer solar cell during 240 min operating time 35 under solar illumination.…”

Section: Morphology Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In operando morphology investigation of inverted bulk heterojunction organic solar cells by GISAXS

et al. 2015

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Highly stable poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT): phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) bulk heterojunction solar cells are fabricated by using an inverted geometry. The direct correlation between the morphology of the active layer and the device performance during continuous operation under illumination is revealed by in-operando grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) 10 and I-V measurements. Other than in devices with normal geometry, it is found that the P3HT:PCBM active layer shows a stable morphology during early operation times, which leads to an improved stability of the short circuit current and accordingly of the power conversion efficiency of the inverted solar cell. Furthermore, the inverted P3HT:PCBM solar cells are long-term stable without encapsulation if they are stored in ambient dark condition. It reveals that the power conversion efficiency preserves around 88% of 15 the initial value after more than 150 days.

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“…where I DS is the drain current, W and L are the channel width and length, respectively, C i is the capacitance per unit area of the gate insulator, V G is the gate voltage, and V T is the threshold voltage. Device II shows a hole mobility of 7.55 × 10 −2 cm 2 V −1 s −1 which approaches the optimum value for pure P3HT based OFETs 43, 44. Device I shows an enhanced hole mobility of 1.54 × 10 −1 cm 2 V −1 s −1 which is about twice of that of device II.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Organozinc Compounds as Effective Dielectric Modification Layers for Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors

Liu

Zou

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

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The interface between the organic semiconductor and dielectric plays an important role in determining the device performance of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). Although self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) made from organosilanes have been widely used for dielectric modification to improve the device performance of OFETs, they suffer from incontinuous and lack uniform coverage of the dielectric layer. Here, it is reported that by introduction of a solution‐processed organozinc compound as a dielectric modification layer between the dielectric and the silane SAM, improved surface morphology and reduced surface polarity can be achieved. The organozinc compound originates from the reaction between diethylzinc and the cyclohexanone solvent, which leads to formation of zinc carboxylates. Being annealed at different temperatures, organozinc compound exists in various forms in the solid films. With organozinc modification, p‐type polymer FETs show a high charge carrier mobility that is about two‐fold larger than a control device that does not contain the organozinc compound, both for devices with a positive threshold voltage and for those with a negative one. After organozinc compound modification, the threshold voltage of polymer FETs can either be altered to approach zero or remain unchanged depending on positive or negative threshold voltage they have.

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Performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene) organic field-effect transistors on cross-linked poly(4-vinyl phenol) dielectric layer and solvent effects

Cited by 42 publications

References 15 publications

Solvent‐Induced Morphology in Polymer‐Based Systems for Organic Photovoltaics

Solvent‐Induced Morphology in Polymer‐Based Systems for Organic Photovoltaics

In operando morphology investigation of inverted bulk heterojunction organic solar cells by GISAXS

Organozinc Compounds as Effective Dielectric Modification Layers for Polymer Field‐Effect Transistors

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