Performance of piezoelectric actuators in a hydrogen environment: Experimental study and finite element modelling

Singh, Yadvinder; Rajapakse, R. K. N. D.; Kjeang, Erik; Mumford, David

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.01.004

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Due to the spontaneous polarization caused by displacement of Zr 4+ and Ti 4+ atoms at low temperatures (see figure 1(b)) PZT has a polarization hysteresis behavior (see figure 2) which classifies it as a ferroelectric material. PZT has many advantageous properties such as high piezo electric charge coefficient, piezo electric voltage coefficient, high dielectric constant, high Curie temperature, high electro-mechanical coupling coefficient, high charge sensitivity, high energy density, good optical properties, radiation resistance, rapid response, and low mechanical loss [1,[7][8][9][10]. These properties make it appealing for many applications including ultrasonic transducers, ceramic capacitors, actuatorsused in hydrogen fuel injectors, sensors, diagnostic probes, micro-electromechanical systems, storage devices, ferroelectric random-access memories, antireflective coating, electro-optical modulators, space applications, and transformers [1,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Lead Zirconate Titanate (Pzt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

First principles study of hydrogen in lead zirconate titanate

Liyanage¹,

Miller²,

Rajapakse³

2019

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) is a widely used piezoelectric and ferroelectric material with applications ranging from actuators in fuel injectors to ferroelectric random-access memories. Hydrogen is known to cause degradation in most metals through a ductile-to-brittle transformation called hydrogen embrittlement. Similarly, piezoelectric materials have also been found to degrade through hydrogen exposure, not only due to embrittlement, but also through reduced polarity and Pb migration. This gives rise to the need of understanding the behavior of hydrogen in piezoelectric material. This research presents the initial results of a study which aims to simulate hydrogen diffusion in PZT using multi-scale simulation techniques. First-principles calculations were done to determine the possible hydrogen occupancy locations in the PZT lattice. For these locations we calculated the effect on polarization and the dimensions of the PZT lattice by dissolved hydrogen and predicting paths available for the escape of hydrogen atoms. These results will serve as a basis for future nudged elastic band calculations to determine the diffusion characteristics for the individual diffusion steps, which can in turn be used to predict the bulk diffusion characteristics with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations.

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Section: Lead Zirconate Titanate (Pzt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

First principles study of hydrogen in lead zirconate titanate

Liyanage¹,

Miller²,

Rajapakse³

2019

Smart Mater. Struct.

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“…This block correctly takes into account electroemechanical parameters of piezoelectric ceramics and electric capacitance of parallel connected piezoelectric layers, but it neglects any transversal effects, mechanical and electric losses. Nonetheless, the influence of leakage and capacitance on PZT stack's performance is very significant even at considered low frequencies excitation [15,16]. This leakage resistance, which is inverse proportional to N 2 (see Fig.…”

Section: Symbolic Model Of the Harvesting Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these FE models we examine the frequency response functions (FRF) of output voltage at the various load resistances. Then all acquired data, whose validity was confirmed by the experimental studies [15,16], are used to tune the simplified lumped model of PZT stack. The harvesting circuit was modeled using the block-library of Simscape MATLAB, which includes SimMechanics and SimElectronics toolboxes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of vibration energy harvesting system with power PZT stack loaded on Li-Ion battery

Shevtsov

Chang

2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…During the annealing process, hydrogen from the forming gas diffuses into the ferroelectric films through the electrodes or the bare surfaces of ferroelectric films [12]. In hydrogen internal combustion engines, the supply of high-pressure hydrogen gas into a combustion chamber is controlled by stack-type piezoelectric actuators [13]. Exposed to the high-pressure hydrogen gas, piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric actuators are degraded rapidly [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulations of hydrogen interstitial diffusion and ferroelectricity degradation in lead titanate films

You¹,

Zhu²,

Gray³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Numerical simulations have been performed to study hydrogen interstitial diffusion and ferroelectric degradation in lead titanate films. The computational method consists of two parts: hydrogen diffusion property calculations using density functional theory (DFT) and ferroelectric property calculations using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The hydrogen interstitial diffusion path and the activation energy have been obtained using DFT calculations. With the obtained diffusion properties, the distributions of hydrogen impurities have been calculated using Fick’s second law and used as input to MD simulations, with various diffusion times and hydrogen surface concentrations. It has been found that magnitudes of remnant polarization and coercive electric fields decrease with increasing the diffusion time and the hydrogen surface concentration. The distribution of hydrogen impurities is another critical factor to ferroelectric responses. Compared to a uniform distribution of hydrogen impurities, the nonuniform distribution diminishes the ferroelectric properties more severely. A heavily defective region due to the nonuniform hydrogen distribution reduces the effective film thickness and induces the in-plane ferroelectric domain formations.

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Performance of piezoelectric actuators in a hydrogen environment: Experimental study and finite element modelling

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

First principles study of hydrogen in lead zirconate titanate

First principles study of hydrogen in lead zirconate titanate

Modeling of vibration energy harvesting system with power PZT stack loaded on Li-Ion battery

Numerical simulations of hydrogen interstitial diffusion and ferroelectricity degradation in lead titanate films

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