Performance of palm oil‐based dihydroxystearic acid as ionizable molecule in waterborne polyurethane dispersions

Abstract

Waterborne polyurethane dispersions (WPUDs) containing a renewable palm oil‐based 9,10‐dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) as an isocyanate‐reactive compound bearing ionizable carboxylic group to incorporate hydrophilic groups into the polymer chain have been successfully prepared. The WPUDs were prepared by using polyether and polyester polyols of 2000 molecular weight, DHSA and its traditional petroleum‐based counterpart 2,2‐bis(hydroxymethyl)‐propionic acid (DMPA), and an aliphatic diisocyanate (isophorone diisocyanate, IPDI). A comparison was made between the properties of WPUDs obtained using blends of DHSA and DMPA at different molar ratios and a reference WPUD based on DMPA. The particle size of polyester type WPUDs containing DHSA was reduced at a 0.5 to 0.5 molar ratio of DMPA to DHSA. A lower initial temperature was used in the preparation of NCO‐prepolymers with DHSA as compared to DMPA and this eased the preparation of WPUDs. The effect of molar ratio of DMPA to DHSA on the properties of films and coatings prepared with WPUDs was evaluated. The best properties were obtained with WPUDs prepared with a 0.5 to 0.5 molar ratio of DMPA to DHSA. The incorporation of renewable palm oil‐based DHSA into WPUDs improved water resistance (lower water uptake) and exhibited good combination of properties including hardness, adhesion strength, tensile strength, and elasticity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43614.

Polycarbonate-based thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers modified by DMPA

“…Such functionalized polyurethanes are materials greatly valued in biomedicine as the presence of the carboxylic groups enhances their biocompatibility; on the other hand, owing to the grafting and combining of different polymers, these groups may be used to modify the surface [19][20][21]. These polymers may also be applied to obtain anionomers after they undergo the process of ionization of the carboxylic groups, and the anionomers may be useful as coatings and adhesives, among others [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Influence of DMPA content on the properties of new thermoplastic poly(ether-urethane) elastomers

“…The introduction of functional groups into the polymer structure, such as sulfonic and carboxylic ones, makes it possible to improve the biocompatibility of these materials and thereby apply them in the production of various medical appliances. 14,15 Additionally, their presence makes it possible to obtain ionomers that can be applied in the production of, inter alia , coating materials. 14 –20…”

New thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers based on aliphatic diisocyanate

“…This may be due to the fact that some carboxyl groups contained in DMPA reacted with diisocyanate -NCO groups [26,27].…”

“…Because the newly obtained SPURs incorporate sulphur atoms in their structure, they can exhibit improved antimicrobial activity as well as both optical and adhesive properties [23,24]. On the other hand, the introduction of functional groups into the polymer structure, such as sulphonic and carboxylic ones, makes it possible to improve the biocompatibility of these materials and therefore apply them in the production of various medical appliances [25,26]. Additionally, their presence makes it possible to obtain ionomers that can be applied in the production of, inter alia, coating materials [25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”