Performance of nuclear matrix protein 22 urine marker and voided urine cytology in the detection of urinary bladder tumors

Abstract

The NMP22 quantitative test showed higher sensitivity and lower specificity compared with voided urine cytology, whereas the sensitivity of the BladderChek® test was low. We could not recommend any of the three non-invasive tests as a replacement for cystoscopy for the diagnosis or follow-up of urinary bladder tumors.

Comparison of the clinical usefulness of different urinary tests for the initial detection of bladder cancer: a systematic review

“…Quality of studies: of the 35 studies entered into the review, 15 were conducted in Europe, 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 8 in America, 5 8 32 33 34 35 36 37 10 in Asia, 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 and 2 in Oceania. 48 49 Of the 35 studies, 2 were randomized studies, 18 38 7 were retrospective mono- or multi-center, 8 21 32 35 36 41 48 and 28 were prospective mono- or multi-center.…”

“… 48 49 Of the 35 studies, 2 were randomized studies, 18 38 7 were retrospective mono- or multi-center, 8 21 32 35 36 41 48 and 28 were prospective mono- or multi-center. 5 17 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 37 38 39 40 42 43 44 45 46 47 49 Each study comparatively considered one or more recognized biomarkers for BC diagnosis, and compared them with one or more confirmatory tests such as cystoscopy, transurethral bladder biopsy, or resection (Table 1 ). Risk of bias for all included reports was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool for diagnostic accuracy studies (fig.…”

“…MCM5 was used in 3 studies on 2147 cases 17 18 19 ; UroVysion (uFISH) in 12 studies on 5033 cases 20 23 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 45 48 ; NMP-22 in 19 studies on 8988 cases 5 8 18 20 23 24 25 28 29 30 31 38 41 42 43 46 47 48 49 ; microsatellite analysis in 3 studies on 592 cases 25 26 44 ; BTA stat in 6 studies on 999 cases 5 20 28 29 30 37 ; and ImmunoCyt/uCyt in 7 studies on 4976 cases. 5 20 21 22 23 27 40 Twenty-five studies also included UC as a diagnostic tool in comparison with the new tests (14,375 cases) (Table 1 ).…”

“…[5,[20][21][22][23]27,40] Twenty-five studies also included UC as a diagnostic tool in comparison with the new tests (14,375 cases) (Table 1). [5,8,[17][18][19][20][22][23][24]26,27,30,31,35,36,[38][39][40][41]43,[45][46][47][48][49] 3.5. Comfirmatory test In all analyzed studies, at least cystoscopy was used as the confirmatory test to verify biomarker results.…”

“…In addition to cystoscopy, 28 studies also performed transurethral bladder biopsy or resection. [5,8,[17][18][19][21][22][23][24][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][37][38][39][40][41][42][44][45][46][47]49] 3.6. Diagnostic accuracy analysis of the different biomarkers Table 2 summarizes sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of each test analyzed in the studies in terms of prediction for initial diagnosis of BC.…”