Performance of microhaematuria and proteinuria as measured by urine reagent strips in estimating intensity and prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection in Nigeria

Houmsou, R. S.; Kela, Santaya Larit; Suleiman, MM

doi:10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60233-2

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…25 The NPVs of the micro-haematuria, proteinuria, and macro-haematuria were within the range previously reported. 18,19 When tests were combined, the NPVs were higher than those already published. 7 Overall, higher NPVs were obtained in LPA than in MPA.…”

Section: Okeke and Ubachukwu Screening For Schistosoma Haematobium Inmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…20 Proteinuria in the present study had poor performance when compared to the reports of other authors in Nigeria. 17,18,19 On the contrary, proteinuria is considered less sensitive and specific than micro-haematuria because it is also found in small quantities in the urine of healthy persons. 7,21 Macro-haematuria was useful in the detection of heavy infection in this study but its PPV was lower than the findings of Mafe 22 and…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of three rapid screening methods in the detection ofSchistosoma haematobiuminfection in school-age children in Southeastern Nigeria

Okeke

Ubachukwu

2014

Pathogens and Global Health

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Background: A cross-sectional study of primary school children was conducted to evaluate and compare the performance of some rapid screening methods in the detection of Schistosoma haematobium infection in Nigeria Cement Factory (NigerCem) and Nike Lake areas of Southeastern Nigeria. Methods: Urine samples of school children were examined for macro-haematuria and tested for microhaematuria and proteinuria using reagent strips followed by egg microscopy. Self-reported haematuria was assessed using simple questionnaire. The performances of these rapid diagnoses singly and in combination were calculated using egg microscopy as gold standard. Results: The prevalence of the infection was 26.6% in NigerCem and 5.1% in Nike Lake area, classifying these areas as moderate-and low-prevalence areas (MPA and LPA); while in the subsample used for selfreported haematuria, the prevalence was 27.2 and 4.2% in MPA and LPA, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) of micro-haematuria was comparable in MPA (55.26%) and LPA (57.89%). Overall PPV of macro-haematuria was 87.50% in MPA and 66.70% in LPA while in the detection of heavy infection; PPV was higher in LPA (75%) than in MPA (66.67%). In LPA and MPA, combination of micro-haematuria and proteinuria, and concomitant presence of macro-haematuria, micro-haematuria, and proteinuria had PPV of 83.33 and 63.16%, and 100 versus 66.67%, respectively. Generally, the rapid screening tests had lower negative predictive values (NPVs) in MPA than in LPA. The use of simple questionnaire increased the PPV of heavy infection in MPA (77.78%). This was further increased to 80% when self-reported haematuria was combined with micro-haematuria. Conclusion: The result suggests that in MPA with chronic infections, combination of self-reported haematuria and micro-haematuria may reduce the chance of missing those who should be treated.

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Section: Okeke and Ubachukwu Screening For Schistosoma Haematobium Inmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of three rapid screening methods in the detection ofSchistosoma haematobiuminfection in school-age children in Southeastern Nigeria

Okeke

Ubachukwu

2014

Pathogens and Global Health

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“…3). The absence of microhaematuria in some infected individuals (false negative) could be the result of new infection in which tissues of the urinary bladder and kidney have not been damaged yet (Houmsou et al 2011). Variation in sensitivity and specificity of microhaematuria in urinary schistosomiasis has been reported in several studies conducted in different African settings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The supernatant was discarded to leave sediment which was transferred to the centre of a clean grease-free glass slide to which was added a cover slip. This was mounted on a light microscope and examined at 109 objective to identify S. haematobium ova (3) Filtration of urine (Houmsou et al 2011) 10 ml of urine was taken and filtered through an 8-um polycarbonate membrane in a filter holder with the help of a forceps. The filter holder was placed on a slid.…”

Section: Study Type Cross Sectional Analytic Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating cathodic antigen cassette test versus haematuria strip test in diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis

et al. 2015

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Urinary schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium constitutes a major public health problem in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. This study was conducted to evaluate circulating cathodic antigen cassette test and haematuria strip test for detection of S. haematobium in urine samples and to evaluate their screening performance among the study population. Microscopy was used as a gold standard. A total of 600 urine samples were examined by microscopy for detection of S. haematobium eggs, screened for microhaematuria using Self-Stik reagent strips and screened for circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) using the urine-CCA cassette test. The specificity of CCA, microhaematuria and macrohaematuria was 96.4, 40.6 and 31.2 % respectively while the sensitivity was 88.2, 99.3 and 100 % respectively which was statistically significant (P \ 0.001). These findings suggest that using of urine-CCA cassette test in diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis is highly specific (96.4 %) compared with the highly sensitive haematuria strip test (100 %). The degree of agreement between microscopic examination and CCA detection was 99.3 % with highly statistically significant difference (P \ 0.001). The combination of two techniques could potentially use for screening and mapping of S. haematobium infection.

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“…Urine analysis is one of the most commonly used assay means of clinical, it is not only absolutely necessary and the first choice to diagnose disease and observe curative effects about urinary system [1], but also very helpful to diagnose other diseases [2] that can lead to biochemical component change of urine. In addition, the urine analysis can also be used for safety detection and initial evaluation of health status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and application of computer software for collecting color data about urine reagent strips

Chen¹,

Tan²,

Liu³

et al. 2013

JBiSE

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Urine analysis is one of the most common and useful assay means in clinic for diagnose disease, especially urinary system disease and dry chemistry method is the most convenient, common and low cost about urine analysis. To expediently and efficiently analyze the corresponding relationships between different color data and semi-quantitative results about every urine item with dry chemistry way, in this paper, the design and application of effective software that may be used to collect color data about urine reagent strips are presented. First, we introduce the design procedure of this software. Second, its realization of design is given. Third, several application examples about collecting RGB original data by RS232 interface are shown. Then, RGB original data can be visually displayed by waveforms or curves and the data of cursor position may also be given. From the examples, we could confidently draw a conclusion that it is very convenient and effective to study on the laws of color variation about reagent pieces on reagent strip and it has met our original designed demands.

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Performance of microhaematuria and proteinuria as measured by urine reagent strips in estimating intensity and prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium infection in Nigeria

Abstract: The findings suggest that use of urine reagent strips could potentially estimate intensity of S. haematobium infection and their performance to screen urinary schistosomiasis agreed with previous observations.

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Performance of three rapid screening methods in the detection ofSchistosoma haematobiuminfection in school-age children in Southeastern Nigeria

Performance of three rapid screening methods in the detection ofSchistosoma haematobiuminfection in school-age children in Southeastern Nigeria

Circulating cathodic antigen cassette test versus haematuria strip test in diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis

Design and application of computer software for collecting color data about urine reagent strips

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