Performance of Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Adverse Outcomes in Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Xu, Zhixiao; Guo, Kun; Chu, Weiwei; Lou, Jingwen; Chen, Chengshui

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.903426

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…We used a range of machine-learning models for comparison, including both established and newer ones. We used random forest (RF) ( Dey et al, 2020 ), gradient boosting (GB) ( Xu et al, 2022 ), and support vector machine (SVM) ( Xiang et al, 2020 ), which are frequently used models in medical studies. These models were implemented using the scikit-learn library in Python 3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of stroke patients’ bedroom-stay duration: machine-learning approach using wearable sensor data

Ogasawara,

Mukaino,

Matsunaga

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Background: The importance of being physically active and avoiding staying in bed has been recognized in stroke rehabilitation. However, studies have pointed out that stroke patients admitted to rehabilitation units often spend most of their day immobile and inactive, with limited opportunities for activity outside their bedrooms. To address this issue, it is necessary to record the duration of stroke patients staying in their bedrooms, but it is impractical for medical providers to do this manually during their daily work of providing care. Although an automated approach using wearable devices and access points is more practical, implementing these access points into medical facilities is costly. However, when combined with machine learning, predicting the duration of stroke patients staying in their bedrooms is possible with reduced cost. We assessed using machine learning to estimate bedroom-stay duration using activity data recorded with wearable devices.Method: We recruited 99 stroke hemiparesis inpatients and conducted 343 measurements. Data on electrocardiograms and chest acceleration were measured using a wearable device, and the location name of the access point that detected the signal of the device was recorded. We first investigated the correlation between bedroom-stay duration measured from the access point as the objective variable and activity data measured with a wearable device and demographic information as explanatory variables. To evaluate the duration predictability, we then compared machine-learning models commonly used in medical studies.Results: We conducted 228 measurements that surpassed a 90% data-acquisition rate using Bluetooth Low Energy. Among the explanatory variables, the period spent reclining and sitting/standing were correlated with bedroom-stay duration (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (R) of 0.56 and −0.52, p < 0.001). Interestingly, the sum of the motor and cognitive categories of the functional independence measure, clinical indicators of the abilities of stroke patients, lacked correlation. The correlation between the actual bedroom-stay duration and predicted one using machine-learning models resulted in an R of 0.72 and p < 0.001, suggesting the possibility of predicting bedroom-stay duration from activity data and demographics.Conclusion: Wearable devices, coupled with machine learning, can predict the duration of patients staying in their bedrooms. Once trained, the machine-learning model can predict without continuously tracking the actual location, enabling more cost-effective and privacy-centric future measurements.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of stroke patients’ bedroom-stay duration: machine-learning approach using wearable sensor data

Ogasawara,

Mukaino,

Matsunaga

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…Notably, the XGBoost algorithm consistently outperformed others, demonstrating high accuracy, precision, recall, and AUC values. This fixed once again key clinical factors in ML in comparison with traditional models [36].…”

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence for the optimal management of community-acquired pneumonia

Barbieri,

Battini,

Sessa

2024

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

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Purpose of review This timely review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) management, emphasizing its relevance in predicting the risk of hospitalization. With CAP remaining a global public health concern, the review highlights the need for efficient and reliable AI tools to optimize resource allocation and improve patient outcomes. Recent findings Challenges in CAP management delve into the application of AI in predicting CAP-related hospitalization risks, and complications, and mortality. The integration of AI-based risk scores in managing CAP has the potential to enhance the accuracy of predicting patients at higher risk, facilitating timely intervention and resource allocation. Moreover, AI algorithms reduce variability associated with subjective clinical judgment, promoting consistency in decision-making, and provide real-time risk assessments, aiding in the dynamic management of patients with CAP. Summary The development and implementation of AI-tools for hospitalization in CAP represent a transformative approach to improving patient outcomes. The integration of AI into healthcare has the potential to revolutionize the way we identify and manage individuals at risk of severe outcomes, ultimately leading to more efficient resource utilization and better overall patient care.

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Identifying oral disease variables associated with pneumonia emergence by application of machine learning to integrated medical and dental big data to inform eHealth approaches

et al. 2022

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BackgroundThe objective of this study was to build models that define variables contributing to pneumonia risk by applying supervised Machine Learning-(ML) to medical and oral disease data to define key risk variables contributing to pneumonia emergence for any pneumonia/pneumonia subtypes.MethodsRetrospective medical and dental data were retrieved from Marshfield Clinic Health System's data warehouse and integrated electronic medical-dental health records (iEHR). Retrieved data were pre-processed prior to conducting analyses and included matching of cases to controls by (a) race/ethnicity and (b) 1:1 Case: Control ratio. Variables with >30% missing data were excluded from analysis. Datasets were divided into four subsets: (1) All Pneumonia (all cases and controls); (2) community (CAP)/healthcare associated (HCAP) pneumonias; (3) ventilator-associated (VAP)/hospital-acquired (HAP) pneumonias and (4) aspiration pneumonia (AP). Performance of five algorithms were compared across the four subsets: Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Random Forests. Feature (input variables) selection and ten-fold cross validation was performed on all the datasets. An evaluation set (10%) was extracted from the subsets for further validation. Model performance was evaluated in terms of total accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F-measure, Mathews-correlation-coefficient and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsIn total, 6,034 records (cases and controls) met eligibility for inclusion in the main dataset. After feature selection, the variables retained in the subsets were: All Pneumonia (n = 29 variables), CAP-HCAP (n = 26 variables); VAP-HAP (n = 40 variables) and AP (n = 37 variables), respectively. Variables retained (n = 22) were common across all four pneumonia subsets. Of these, the number of missing teeth, periodontal status, periodontal pocket depth more than 5 mm and number of restored teeth contributed to all the subsets and were retained in the model. MLP outperformed other predictive models for All Pneumonia, CAP-HCAP and AP subsets, while SVM outperformed other models in VAP-HAP subset.ConclusionThis study validates previously described associations between poor oral health and pneumonia. Benefits of an integrated medical-dental record and care delivery environment for modeling pneumonia risk are highlighted. Based on findings, risk score development could inform referrals and follow-up in integrated healthcare delivery environment and coordinated patient management.

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Performance of Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Adverse Outcomes in Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Prediction of stroke patients’ bedroom-stay duration: machine-learning approach using wearable sensor data

Prediction of stroke patients’ bedroom-stay duration: machine-learning approach using wearable sensor data

Artificial intelligence for the optimal management of community-acquired pneumonia

Identifying oral disease variables associated with pneumonia emergence by application of machine learning to integrated medical and dental big data to inform eHealth approaches

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