Performance of Isogenic Lines of Barley as Influenced by Awn Length, Linkage Blocks, and Environment<sup>1</sup>

Qualset, C. O.; Schaller, C. W.; Williams, J. F.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1965.0011183x000500060002x

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…A detailed account of the procedure used by Briggs and Schaller in developing the four lines was given by Qualset et al (1965). The lines were isogenic except for two unlinked loci, designated as A/a B/b, which control lemma awn development.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genotypes of the lines with respect to the alleles at these two loci are given in the parentheses in the above list. In addition to the phenotypic differences for awn length, broadly classified as full-awned, haif-awned, etc., the lines are known to differ for a number of quantitative characters (Qualset et al, 1965;Qualset, 1968;Schaller et al, 1972). Schaller et al (1972) have suggested that the phenotypic variation among the isogenic lines may be ascribed to the chromosome segments measuring about five recombination units in length, linked with each of the marker genes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic analysis by means of diallel graph

Jana

1975

Heredity

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A complete diallel cross was made among eight homozygous barley genotypes. Four of the parents were commercially grown cultivars and the remaining four consisted of isogenic derivatives of a California cultivar, Atlas. In a replicated experiment grown in two seasons, measurements were recorded on days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, grain yield and seed size. These data were then used to estimate variances (Vr) and covariances (Wr) of arrays in each season and a genetical interpretation of the relations between these statistics was sought. For days to heading, days to maturity and plant height, the Wr/Vr graphs provided an evaluation of genetic relationship among the parental genotypes. As expected on the basis of their known genetic similarity, the isogenic lines of Atlas were close together on the Wr/ Vr graph. Contrary to the expectation, however, remarkable similarity among the commercially grown genotypes was indicated by the proximity of the array points representing them. The patterns of distribution of the array points were such that the eight parents could be classified into two wellseparated groups, one comprising the isogenic lines which carried most of the dominant alleles and the other comprising the cultivars carrying largely the recessive alleles. A seasonal difference in the genetic behaviour of the parents was also observed. Although some of the observed genetic differences between the two parental groups in one season disappeared in the following season, the positions of the array points were consistent in depicting substantial differences between the groups in both seasons. In most cases a graphical analysis was possible when a number of parents were removed from the diallel table. Non-random distribution of genes among the parents did not appear to be a common cause of disturbance in the relations between Wr and Vr even when the number of parents were very small. For two economically important characters, kernel size and grain yield, a graphical analysis was not possible, presumably because of the failure of a number of hypotheses underlying the analysis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis by means of diallel graph

Jana

1975

Heredity

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“…Grundbacher (1963) estimated that the awn of wheat (Ttiticum aestivum L.) and barley contributes more than 10 percent of the total kernel dry weight. In barley, Qualset et al (1965) confirmed the significant contribution of the awn to the yield from the field tests using backcross-derived isogenic lines differing in the length of the awn (full-, half-, quarter-awned, and awnless); they reported that the respective yields of full-awned and half-awned lines were significantly higher than those of either the quarter-awned or awnless lines. Despite the prevalence of full-awned phenotype in the barley crop, short-awned accessions are frequently found in eastern Asia (Takahashi 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Molecular mapping of the short awn 2 (lks2) and dense spike 1 (dsp1) genes on barley chromosome 7H

et al. 2011

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The short awn 2 (lks2) and dense spike 1 (dsp1) genes are unique to East Asian barley. These two spikerelated morphological genes are important because they may be involved in stable production and local adaptation. As a first step of their positional cloning, molecular mapping was conducted in 98 F 2 plants derived from a cross between Karafuto Zairai and Aizu Hadaka 3. The dsp1 gene was mapped to the proximal region of the short arm of chromosome 7H. The lks2 gene was located on the long arm of 7H and flanked by ESTbased markers k04151 and k06123, with distances of 0.5 cM in the proximal side and 1.0 cM in the distal side. Both k04151 and k06123 shared homology to rice genes on chromosome 6 that were separated with the physical distance of 5.6 Mbp. In this interval, rice-barley microsynteny was exploited for marker enrichment. Of 57 rice genes attempted, 15 (26.3%) yielded polymorphic EST-based markers. Breakdown of collinearity was found in the candidate region of lks2, suggesting occurrence of structural changes in the chromosome region harboring lks2 during divergence of barley and rice from a common ancestor.

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“…The variations in the agronomic traits other than glume length observed in the NIL for long glume were due to the pleiotropic effects of the P gene, or to linkage drag. Previous studies of NILs in maize (Lee and Brewbaker 1984), sorghum (Casady 1965), wheat (Tsunewaki and Koba 1979), barley (Qualset et al 1965) and oats (Brinkman and Frey 1977) suggested that pleiotropism as well as linkage drag (Muehlbauer et al 1988) led to changes in various quantitative characters. The two NILs for black glume indicated that the effects of the Bg gene on the agronomic traits studied were different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Characters of Near-isogenic Lines of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)

2003

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The present study was conducted in order to analyze the effects of the genes for long glume (P), hairy glume (Hg), black glume (Bg), non-glaucousness (W 1 I ) and purple culm (Pc) on 18 agronomic characters of durum wheat. Six near-isogenic lines (NILs, 10 backcrosses) and their recurrent parent LD222 were used. The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Agricultural University of Athens, Greece, over a period of two years. The NILs for P, W 1 I and Pc differed from LD222 in 14, 7 and 4 traits, respectively. These genes had no effect on plant height but exerted adverse effects on the grain yield traits. The P gene was associated with later heading, increased rachis length and 100-kernel weight, but lower grain yield and yield components. Although the data were not statistically significant, both W 1 I and Pc genes induced a lower grain yield which was accompanied by a reduction of the 100-kernel weight, kernel weight/spike and number of tillers. On the other hand, the introduction of either the Bg or Hg gene into the LD222 genetic background did not affect appreciably the agronomic traits studied.

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Performance of Isogenic Lines of Barley as Influenced by Awn Length, Linkage Blocks, and Environment¹

Cited by 38 publications

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Genetic analysis by means of diallel graph

Genetic analysis by means of diallel graph

Molecular mapping of the short awn 2 (lks2) and dense spike 1 (dsp1) genes on barley chromosome 7H

Agronomic Characters of Near-isogenic Lines of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)

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Performance of Isogenic Lines of Barley as Influenced by Awn Length, Linkage Blocks, and Environment1

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic analysis by means of diallel graph

Genetic analysis by means of diallel graph

Molecular mapping of the short awn 2 (lks2) and dense spike 1 (dsp1) genes on barley chromosome 7H

Agronomic Characters of Near-isogenic Lines of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)

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Performance of Isogenic Lines of Barley as Influenced by Awn Length, Linkage Blocks, and Environment¹