Performance of <i>Symydobius americanus</i> (Homoptera: Aphididae) on paper birch grazed by caterpillars

Martín, María Candelaria Afonso; Cappuccino, Naomi; Ducharme, Dominic

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2311.1994.tb00383.x

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…In general, interspecific competition is thought to be intensified between sap-feeders which share a common plant-tissue resource, even if the sap-feeders are spatially separated on the plant (Moran and Whitham 1990, Denno et al 1995). Although damage-induced increases in allelochemicals (phenolics) are common in this system (Haukioja and Niemela 1979), sap-feeders may avoid their effects by feeding in the phloem where such compounds occur in low concentrations (Buckley 1987, Martin et al 1994. The one study which failed to find any effects of feeding-induced plant resistance involved previous feeding by caterpillars on birch leaves and its possible influence on the subsequent performance of a phloem-feeding aphid (Martin et al 1994).…”

Section: Our Results For Prokelisia Planthoppers Provide One Of the Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding-Induced Changes in Plant Quality Mediate Interspecific Competition between Sap-Feeding Herbivores

Denno¹,

Peterson²,

Gratton³

et al. 2000

Ecology

151

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Ecological Society of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Ecology.Abstract. Feeding-induced plant resistance is a well-documented phenomenon for leafchewing insects. Furthermore, feeding-induced resistance provides the mechanistic basis for many cases of delayed interspecific competition, whereby previous feeding by one species diminishes the performance of other herbivores which attack the same plant later in the season. This phenomenon, however, has been very poorly investigated for sap-feeding insects. The results we present here for salt marsh-inhabiting planthoppers (Prokelisia dolus and P. marginate) provide one of the few known examples of delayed, plant-mediated interspecific competition between two sap-feeding insects.Three lines of experimental evidence from the laboratory, field cages, and open field plots provide support for the detrimental effects of previous feeding by one planthopper species on the subsequent survival and performance of the other. Laboratory experiments showed that prior feeding on cordgrass by one congener resulted in reduced performance of the other in the following generation. However, the effect was asymmetric. Prior feeding by P. dolus resulted in prolonged development and reduced body size (a correlate of fecundity) in P. marginate, whereas only development was protracted in P. dolus when plants were previously exposed to P. marginate. Consequently, P. dolus appears to be the superior competitor in the context of delayed, plant-mediated interactions. The negative effects of previous feeding by P. dolus on the development time, body size, and survival of P. marginate obtained in the laboratory were confirmed both in cages and on cage-free islets of cordgrass in the field. Feeding-induced reductions in host-plant quality by P. dolus may provide additional impetus for P. marginate to migrate from shared habitats on the high marsh to nutritionally superior plants in the low marsh rarely occupied by P. dolus.The mechanism underlying the delayed competitive effects between Prokelisia planthoppers is most likely diminished plant nutrition, because feeding by P. dolus significantly reduces the concentration of essential amino acids in cordgrass. The asymmetry of plantmediated competition between the Prokelisia species may be due to the ability of P. dolus to better tolerate feeding-depleted levels of plant nitrogen via compensatory feeding.Even though these two planthoppers do not suffer significant fitness reductions during contemporaneous interactions, they compete severely in the context of feeding-induced plant resistance which is expressed later in the season. This result, coupled with the fact that mos...

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Section: Our Results For Prokelisia Planthoppers Provide One Of the Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding-Induced Changes in Plant Quality Mediate Interspecific Competition between Sap-Feeding Herbivores

Denno¹,

Peterson²,

Gratton³

et al. 2000

Ecology

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Phenolic compounds are known to occur in low concentrations in phloem sap (Raven 1983;Karban and Myers 1989), so some aphids may escape their effects. Indeed, aphid performance has previously been seen to be unaffected by elevated phenolic compounds in birch leaves (Martin et al 1994;Johnson et al 2002). Whilst the elevated phenolic compound levels in leaves inoculated with M. betulae did not adversely affect E. betulae, their effects might render birch leaves unsuitable to phytophagous insects of different feeding guilds.…”

Section: Processes Underpinning the Interactionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Aphids are known to be able to respond rapidly to changes in resource quality. In addition, many aphids encounter lower concentrations of allelochemicals in phloem sap (Martin et al 1994), some can detoxify or even sequester allelochemicals (Dixon 1998) and phloem feeding often circumvents the effects of many digestion-inhibiting compounds (Hartley and Jones 1997).…”

Section: Processes Underpinning the Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial impacts on plant-herbivore interactions: the indirect effects of a birch pathogen on a birch aphid

et al. 2003

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The role of indirect interactions in structuring communities is becoming increasingly recognised. Plant fungi can bring about changes in plant chemistry which may affect insect herbivores that share the same plant, and hence the two may interact indirectly. This study investigated the indirect effects of a fungal pathogen ( Marssonina betulae) of silver birch ( Betula pendula) on an aphid ( Euceraphis betulae), and the processes underpinning the interaction. There was a strong positive association between natural populations of the aphid and leaves bearing high fungal infection. In choice tests, significantly more aphids settled on leaves inoculated with the fungus than on asymptomatic leaves. Individual aphids reared on inoculated leaves were heavier, possessed longer hind tibiae and displayed enhanced embryo development compared with aphids reared on asymptomatic leaves; population growth rate was also positively correlated with fungal infection when groups of aphids were reared on inoculated branches. Changes in leaf chemistry were associated with fungal infection with inoculated leaves containing higher concentrations of free-amino acids. This may reflect a plant-initiated response to fungal attack in which free amino acids from the degradation of mesophyll cells are translocated out of infected leaves via the phloem. These changes in plant chemistry are similar to those occurring during leaf senescence, and are proposed as the mechanistic basis for the positive interaction between the fungus and aphid.

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“…Herbivorous insects exclusively use specific tissues of their host plants, such as vegetative tissues (leaves, shoots or roots) or reproductive tissues or secretions (flowers, honeydew or seeds). Herbivores that use the same host plants sometimes interact directly or indirectly (Damman 1989; Martin et al . 1994; Inbar et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance of inflorescence tissue feeders on three willow species

Nozawa

Inari

2005

Entomological Science

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We report the relative abundance of inflorescence tissue feeders among three willow species ( Salix integra , S. miyabeana and S. sachalinensis ) with reference to the plant sexes. We found that (i) a total of 270 individuals belonging to six species and two orders were recorded from willow inflorescences; (ii) the abundance of Xanthia caterpillars differed across willow species and sexes; (iii) the abundance of weevil larvae differed across willow species; (iv) Gypsonoma bifasciata abundance was affected by sex and inflorescence size; and (v) Nemophora raddei was collected from a single female S. miyabeana tree. Although nitrogen content of inflorescences is not likely to affect the herbivory pattern of inflorescence tissue feeders, inflorescence size is likely to affect the abundance of Gypsonoma caterpillars.

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Performance of Symydobius americanus (Homoptera: Aphididae) on paper birch grazed by caterpillars

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Feeding-Induced Changes in Plant Quality Mediate Interspecific Competition between Sap-Feeding Herbivores

Feeding-Induced Changes in Plant Quality Mediate Interspecific Competition between Sap-Feeding Herbivores

Microbial impacts on plant-herbivore interactions: the indirect effects of a birch pathogen on a birch aphid

Abundance of inflorescence tissue feeders on three willow species

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