Performance of hydrogen storage tank with TPRD in an engulfing fire

Molkov, Vladimir; Dadashzadeh, Mohammad; Kashkarov, S. S.; Макаров, Д. Н.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.08.128

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The non-adiabatic blowdown in a fire model, including the mechanism of a composite hydrogen tank failure in a fire, is described in detail in [5,12]. The under-expanded jet theory is used to describe this model.…”

Section: The Model and Parameters Of Studied Tanksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These experiments also demonstrated that when one of the NWP = 70 MPa tanks was filled at 35.6 MPa (51% NWP) and underwent the same engulfing fire, it ruptured later-after 9 min 49 s (the FRR almost 1.5 times longer than the FRR of the first tank filled at almost NWP, i.e., at 70.3 MPa). This can be explained when the original composite tank failure in a fire mechanism developed at Ulster University is applied (see for example [5]). It states that when the resin decomposition front propagating inward inside the composite tank overwrap encounters an outward expanding load-bearing fraction of the composite wall thickness, S load b. , a tank ruptures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the reduced thickness, the dome is more vulnerable to a fire. The tank's FRR will be defined by resin thermal degradation and the composite failure in the dome region rather than in the sidewall [5,12]. Figure 2 schematically demonstrates the tank composite overwrap performance in a fire in the sidewall (left) and the dome (right) regions at the same moment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The worst-case scenario of tank rupture may occur due to TPRD malfunction or a localised fire when TPRD is not affected. The loss of the composite overwrap's strength will be determined by the resin degradation, as per the above-described tank failure in a fire mechanism [5,12]. The speed of the resin decomposition front in-depth progression is affected by the heat flux from the fire to the tank surface, resin decomposition temperature range, T d , the heat of decomposition, H d , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The issue of the tank wall thickness non-uniformity on FRR is addressed also. The study will be performed using the validated non-adiabatic blowdown in a fire model [5,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of Hydrogen Storage Tanks of Type IV in a Fire: Effect of the State of Charge

2021

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The use of hydrogen storage tanks at 100% of nominal working pressure (NWP) is expected only after refuelling. Driving between refuellings is characterised by the state of charge SoC <100%. There is experimental evidence that Type IV tanks tested in a fire at initial pressures below 1/3 NWP, leaked without rupture. This paper aims at understanding this phenomenon. The numerical research has demonstrated that the heat transfer from fire through the composite overwrap at storage pressures below NWP/3 is sufficient to melt the polymer liner. This melting initiates hydrogen microleaks through the composite before it loses the load-bearing ability. The fire-resistance rating (FRR) is defined as the time to rupture in a fire of a tank without or with blocked thermally activated pressure relief device. The dependence of a FRR on the SoC is demonstrated for the tanks with defined material properties and volumes in the range of 36–244 L. A composite wall thickness variation is shown to cause a safety issue by reducing the tank’s FRR and is suggested to be addressed by tank manufacturers and OEMs. The effect of a tank’s burst pressure ratio on the FRR is investigated. Thermal parameters of the composite wall, i.e., decomposition heat and temperatures, are shown in simulations of a tank failure in a fire to play an important role in its FRR.

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Section: The Model and Parameters Of Studied Tanksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The issue of the tank wall thickness non-uniformity on FRR is addressed also. The study will be performed using the validated non-adiabatic blowdown in a fire model [5,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Performance of Hydrogen Storage Tanks of Type IV in a Fire: Effect of the State of Charge

2021

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Hydrogen Storage, Transportation, Delivery and Distribution

2024

Hydrogen Energy

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Recent Development of Physical Hydrogen Storage: Insights into Global Outlook and Future Applications

Ali Lashari,

Haq,

Al‐Shehri

et al. 2024

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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The transition of the global energy market towards an environment‐friendly, sustainable society requires a profound transformation from fossil fuel to zero carbon emission fuel. To cope with this goal production of renewable energy is accelerating worldwide. Hydrogen is a clean energy carrier, due to its clean combustion and abundance. Nonetheless, its storage is a critical challenge to its success. Hydrogen must be stored long after being produced and transported to a storage site. Physical hydrogen storage (PHS) is vital among hydrogen storage modes, and its shortcoming needs to overcome for its successful and economic benefits. This review intends to discuss the techniques and applications of physical hydrogen storage in the state of compressed gas, liquefied hydrogen gas, and cold/cryo compressed gas concerning their working principle, chemical and physical properties, influencing factors for physical hydrogen storage, and transportation, economics, and global outlook. In addition, insights of several probable PHS systems are highlighted. The outcomes of this review envisioned that the PHS still necessitates technological advancements despite having remarkable success. The limitation opens the door to further research, which would be helpful for efficient and long‐term physical hydrogen storage.

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Performance of hydrogen storage tank with TPRD in an engulfing fire

Cited by 32 publications

References 31 publications

Performance of Hydrogen Storage Tanks of Type IV in a Fire: Effect of the State of Charge

Performance of Hydrogen Storage Tanks of Type IV in a Fire: Effect of the State of Charge

Hydrogen Storage, Transportation, Delivery and Distribution

Recent Development of Physical Hydrogen Storage: Insights into Global Outlook and Future Applications

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