Performance of high-volume fly ash concrete in marine environment

Moffatt, Edward G.; Thomas, M D; Fahim, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.09.008

Cited by 131 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The results of this work [64] pointed out that high replacement levels of fly ash greatly increased the resistance to chloride-ion penetration, in comparison with control mixes without this addition. Furthermore, the authors [64] suggested that the typically demanded service lives in such conditions for marine structures can only be attained by the synergetic effect of sustainable cementitious materials incorporation, the implementation of a low water to cement binder ratio and providing adequate cover depth over embedded steel. Nevertheless, a reduction of the resistance of the surface to scaling by the presence of fly ash and slag has also been noted [65].…”

Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…As findings of that research [61], it is important to note that the slag concretes showed significantly greater resistance to chloride ion penetration and it was concluded that the use of slag at relatively high levels of replacement, resulted in a significant increase in the performance of concrete in a very aggressive marine environment. In line to the abovementioned work [61], the performance of high-volume fly ash concrete in marine environment was studied in another research of the same author [64,65], in which concrete specimens with this addition were subject to a harsh marine environment during 24 years. These specimens were exposed to a marine tidal environment in the US Army Corp of Engineers test site at Treat Island, Maine (USA).…”

Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…These specimens were exposed to a marine tidal environment in the US Army Corp of Engineers test site at Treat Island, Maine (USA). The site was a platform which is located at the mid-tide level [64,65], in which the specimens were exposed to 100-160 freeze-thaw cycles and the highest tides in the world (up to 6.2 m), being in contact with seawater which has an average annual temperature of 5 • C and a chloride concentration of 19,300 ppm (3.52% salinity). The results of this work [64] pointed out that high replacement levels of fly ash greatly increased the resistance to chloride-ion penetration, in comparison with control mixes without this addition.…”

Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The site was a platform which is located at the mid-tide level [64,65], in which the specimens were exposed to 100-160 freeze-thaw cycles and the highest tides in the world (up to 6.2 m), being in contact with seawater which has an average annual temperature of 5 • C and a chloride concentration of 19,300 ppm (3.52% salinity). The results of this work [64] pointed out that high replacement levels of fly ash greatly increased the resistance to chloride-ion penetration, in comparison with control mixes without this addition. Furthermore, the authors [64] suggested that the typically demanded service lives in such conditions for marine structures can only be attained by the synergetic effect of sustainable cementitious materials incorporation, the implementation of a low water to cement binder ratio and providing adequate cover depth over embedded steel.…”

Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From Julius Caesar to Sustainable Composite Materials: A Passage through Port Caisson Technology

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The breakwater construction technique using floating concrete caissons is well-known nowadays as a widespread system. Yet do we really know its origin? Since Julius Caesar used this technology in Brindisi (Italy) up to the Normandy landings in June 1944, not only has this technology been developed, but it has been a key item in several moments in history. Its development has almost always been driven by military requirements. The greatest changes have not been conceptual but point occurring, backed by the materials used. Parallelisms can be clearly seen in each new stage: timber, opus caementitium (Roman concrete), iron and concrete . . . However, nowadays, achieving a more sustainable world constitutes a major challenge, to which the construction of caissons breakwaters must contribute as a field of application of new eco-friendly materials. This research work provides a general overview from the origins of caissons until our time. It will make better known the changes that took place in the system and their adaptation to new materials, and will help in clarifying the future in developing technology towards composite sustainable materials and special concrete. If we understand the past, it will be easier to define the future.

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Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Present and Future Of Caisson Breakwaters Technology: An Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

From Julius Caesar to Sustainable Composite Materials: A Passage through Port Caisson Technology

et al. 2018

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“…The resistant to chloride ion penetration increases for high volume fly ash concrete in marine environment. Hence fly ash concrete provides better corrosion protection, but it has lower threshold values [17]. Fiber reinforced polymer overcomes the durability problem of Sea sand Sea water Concrete (SSC) with respect to abundant chloride ions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressive Strength of Concrete in Normal Water and Seawater using Fly Ash

Ambiga¹

2018

JACE

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At present, the construction of concrete in marine areas has been facing durability issues. This research uses fly ash to determine the effect of seawater curing on strength and durability of different concrete structures. The chemical reaction of chlorides, sulphates and alkalies like sodium and potassium, and in some cases dissolved carbon dioxide affect the strength of concrete as well as durability vigorously. Normal and sea water are used as mixing water in making the test specimens. Different ingredients have been selected to determine the compressive strength i.e. 30% fly ash with 70% of cement concrete; 70% fly ash with 30% of cement concrete and only cement concrete. Finally, three specimens are cured in normal tap water and seawater for 7, 14 and 28 days, and the compressive strength is tested. The result indicates that the compressive strength of concrete is higher in normal water and lower in the seawater in different days of curing.

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Corrosion resistance of chromium‐steel and stainless steel reinforcement in concrete

Fahim

Dean²,

Thomas

et al. 2018

Materials & Corrosion

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This paper presents results of a study conducted to determine the corrosion‐resistance of chromium‐steel (ASTM A1035 steel) and several stainless steel grades (316LN, 304, 2205, and XM‐28), as concrete reinforcements. The study included laboratory experiments investigating the reinforcements’ performance in a concrete pore solution containing chlorides, with and without wetting and drying cycles, as well as in cases of cracked and uncracked concretes exposed to chlorides. The study also included field‐exposure experiments, where reinforced mortar bars and bare bars were exposed to a marine tidal environment. Results indicated that the service‐life enhancement provided by these reinforcements was highly dependent on their alloy composition. ASTM A1035 steel was found to be less corrosion‐resistant than all stainless steel grades, due to the lower alloy contents. XM‐28 was also found to have a substantially lower corrosion resistance compared to other stainless steels, due to the incorporation of manganese, coupled with the lower nickel content. Finally, 304, 316LN, and 2205 reinforcements showed no signs of corrosion onset in all experiments, even in cases of cracked concrete.

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Performance of high-volume fly ash concrete in marine environment

Cited by 131 publications

References 16 publications

From Julius Caesar to Sustainable Composite Materials: A Passage through Port Caisson Technology

From Julius Caesar to Sustainable Composite Materials: A Passage through Port Caisson Technology

Compressive Strength of Concrete in Normal Water and Seawater using Fly Ash

Corrosion resistance of chromium‐steel and stainless steel reinforcement in concrete

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