Performance of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regime in Tanzania

Nyihirani, Fatuma; Katima, J.H.Y.; Mbululo, Yassin

doi:10.4314/ejesm.v7i1.6s

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…For instance, in the case of projects that are highly needed by the government as the case of the two case studies, it is difficult for the Minister to act contrary to the wish of the government. It is therefore not uncommon for government projects to be implemented without conducting EIA and/or SEA as required by national laws (Environmental Investigation Agency, 2021; Nyihirani et al, 2014; Sosovele, 2011). To wit, the implementation of Nyerere Hydropower project started before conducting SEA as required by EMA (Environmental Investigation Agency, 2021; URT, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there are a number of studies that have been conducted to address the effectiveness of the Tanzania legal framework for EIA in general (Mwalyosi & Hughes, 1998; Nyihirani et al, 2014; Sosovele, 2011), little is known about the effectiveness of the said framework in relation to projects that are implemented within or around World Heritage sites. Therefore, this study is expected to contribute to address the existing knowledge gap on the effectiveness of Tanzania EIA legal regime in protecting World Heritage sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tanzanian Environmental Impact Assessment Laws and Practice for Projects in World Heritage Sites

Mwanga

2022

The Journal of Environment & Development

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Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an integral component of sound decision-making. Environmental impact assessment helps to prevent or reduce environmental harms by informing the decision-makers the likely environmental impacts of intended project, its alternatives and/or mitigation measures before the implementation starts. This study examines the effectiveness of Tanzania EIA laws and related practice on the protection of Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) of the world heritage sites during implementation of development projects. The study used data obtained from government officials, policies, laws and reports; United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization and World Heritage Committee reports; and scholarly works. The study demonstrates that Tanzania EIA laws are inadequate to ensure effective protection of OUV of world heritage sites against harms caused by development projects. The laws do not guarantee effective and broader participation of stakeholders and inclusion of heritage impact assessment in EIA study. The study, therefore, recommends for reform of EIA laws and institutions responsible for supervising EIA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tanzanian Environmental Impact Assessment Laws and Practice for Projects in World Heritage Sites

Mwanga

2022

The Journal of Environment & Development

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“…Internationally, the focus of EIA evaluation research has been to assess EIA system performance based on EIA system components (EIA regulatory, administrative, and procedural frameworks), EIA implementation, and EIA report without rigorously considering the country context (Ahmad & Wood, 2002; Alberts, 2020; Alberts et al, 2022; Barker & Wood, 1999; Chanchitpricha & Bond, 2013; Glasson et al, 2005; Khosravi et al, 2019a; Lee et al, 1999; Nadeem & Hameed, 2008; Nakwaya‐Jacobus et al, 2021; Nyihirani et al, 2014; Sadler, 1996; Wood, 1995d, 1999b, 2003). Primarily, these types of EIA performance assessments are based on evaluative approaches and frameworks, consisting of evaluation criteria that aim to check compliance and identify the gaps and constraints in the EIA system components and implementation, which seek to advance EIA system performance (Annandale, 2001; Kolhoff et al, 2009; Loomis & Dziedzic, 2018; Wood, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an evaluation approach to consider the influence of country context on environmental impact assessment performance, from a southern African perspective

Aljareo

Watson

Schwaibold

2023

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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Environmental impact assessment (EIA) as an environmental policy has been adopted in some countries. However, in terms of achieving its stated objectives in the developing country context, EIA system performance often falls short compared with the developed country context. Evaluation of EIA system performance has gained considerable attention with the aim of ensuring the achievement of its purpose, most recognizably the promotion of sustainable development through informed decision‐making. Different evaluation approaches have been developed and applied to explore areas of inadequacy in the EIA system components, EIA implementation, and EIA report. Researchers have considered the context of the EIA system as the underlying cause of its limited performance in developing countries. However, the literature has not rigorously explored the relationship between EIA system performance and country context, and it is the subject of ongoing debate. Our aim in this article is to contribute to the practical analysis of the influence of country context on EIA system performance. Drawing on the conceptual frameworks and evaluation methods in the literature, we propose an evaluation approach to the EIA system performance that combines the importance of considering the country context in the evaluation process. It consists of EIA system components, EIA report, and an indicative set of country context indicators. The developed evaluation approach was validated by applying it to four case studies from southern Africa. The South African case study results are presented here. The outcome is a practical evaluation approach that promotes understanding of the relationship between EIA system performance and country context and can improve EIA system performance. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;00:1–15. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).

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