Performance of cork-based thermal protection material P50 exposed to air plasma

Sakraker, Isil; Chazot, Olivier; Carvalho, João Paulo

doi:10.1007/s12567-021-00395-z

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The values for C p , thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity of the 30° carbon–phenolic material, i.e., the recession layer used in this study, up to 773.15 K (i.e., 500 °C) are provided in our previous study [ 16 ]. The values for thermal conductivity of the Cork P50 material up to 523.15 K (i.e., 250 °C) can be found in [ 38 ].

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arc-Jet Tests of Carbon–Phenolic-Based Ablative Materials for Spacecraft Heat Shield Applications

2023

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We developed and tested two carbon–phenolic-based ablators for future Korean spacecraft heat shield applications. The ablators are developed with two layers: an outer recession layer, fabricated from carbon–phenolic material, and an inner insulating layer, fabricated either from cork or silica–phenolic material. The ablator specimens were tested in a 0.4 MW supersonic arc-jet plasma wind tunnel at heat flux conditions ranging from 6.25 MW/m2 to 9.4 MW/m2, with either specimen being stationary or transient. Stationary tests were conducted for 50 s each as a preliminary investigation, and the transient tests were conducted for ~110 s each to stimulate a spacecraft’s atmospheric re-entry heat flux trajectory. During the tests, each specimen’s internal temperatures were measured at three locations: 25 mm, 35 mm, and 45 mm from the specimen stagnation point. During the stationary tests, a two-color pyrometer was used to measure specimen stagnation-point temperatures. During the preliminary stationary tests, the silica–phenolic-insulated specimen’s reaction was normal compared to the cork-insulated specimen; hence, only the silica–phenolic-insulated specimens were further subjected to the transient tests. During the transient tests, the silica–phenolic-insulated specimens were stable, and the internal temperatures were lower than 450 K (~180 °C), achieving the main objective of this study.

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…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cork material used in this study was Cork P50, with an approximate density of 497 kg/m 3 . Recently, Cork P50 was used as heat shield material for the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI)’s QARMAN program [ 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arc-Jet Tests of Carbon–Phenolic-Based Ablative Materials for Spacecraft Heat Shield Applications

2023

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“…The materials are P50 cork, Calcarb and Graphite for the initial testing. P50 has been used as heat-shield material for re-entry vehicles [47], Calcarb as a charred carbon fibre structure [6] and graphite could be tested as a solid, non-ablating comparison. When the plasma heating is finished, the pneumatic actuator moves the heated model from the plasma source to the expansion tube.…”

Section: E Model Movement Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Arc-jet in Impulse Facility for Hypervelocity Aerothermal Testing with Ablation

Chang

Joglekar

McGilvray

et al. 2023

AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum

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Arc-jets and impulse facilities have been extensively used to investigate the flow physics of planetary re-entry, but they each address different aspects of re-entry flow-fields. This work presents a conceptual design of a dual-facility setup, utilising an arc-jet as a model preheating device in the impulse test facility. This novel preheating apparatus will replicate realistic ablation coupling effects in hypervelocity flows. This paper outlines the major challenges and key considerations for the system integration of arc-jet in the T6 Stalker Tunnel. A small-scale arc-jet facility, OPG1, is currently being developed at the University of Oxford to test the plasma generator, model movement system, and sub-components for the expansion tube testing. Analyses were performed to examine the thermal and structural loads on the model movement system exposed to both plasma and hypervelocity flow. The results showcased that the model movement system will effectively serve dual-facility operations.

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“…Using the results obtained in Ref [19] a conservative value of 5 % per minute rate of change in mass is assumed. The envisioned sample geometry amounts to approximately 0.3 g of ablated cork material during a test run.…”

Section: Test Sample Materials Ablationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Small Scale Arc-jet Facility OPG1

Hermann

Chang

Schaefer

et al. 2023

AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum

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A small-scale thermal arc-jet facility based on a 21.5 kW tungsten inert gas welding power supply has been developed. The design and simulations are presented here. The plasma generator is situated inside a vacuum vessel forming an Argon plasma with a mass flow rate of approximately 0.2 g/s. The vessel is evacuated by a series of pumps providing sufficient suction to keep the vessel below 125 Pa during continuous operation. The system is designed with regards to heat transfer and vacuum performance with the goal of keeping component temperatures pressures below critical values to prevent material failure and enable adequate vacuum. The thermal design of the plasma generator includes a water cooling circuit which keeps the copper anode below melting temperatures. A viscous reacting 2D axisymmetric simulation is carried out using Eilmer4 simulating the nozzle flow including the stagnation chamber and the free jet impinging onto a 40 mm diameter sphere-cone model. The simulations predict a maximum heat flux on the model surface of approximately 800 kW/m 2 when a plasma total temperature of 7400 K is assumed.

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Performance of cork-based thermal protection material P50 exposed to air plasma

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Arc-Jet Tests of Carbon–Phenolic-Based Ablative Materials for Spacecraft Heat Shield Applications

Arc-Jet Tests of Carbon–Phenolic-Based Ablative Materials for Spacecraft Heat Shield Applications

Integration of Arc-jet in Impulse Facility for Hypervelocity Aerothermal Testing with Ablation

Development of Small Scale Arc-jet Facility OPG1

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