Performance of Black Stone Waste as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Production

Abstract

Performance of black stone waste (BSW) as a substitute for natural coarse aggregate in concrete production has been studied concerning the unit weight, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength. The concrete mixtures were designed using a weight ratio of 1 Portland Pozzolan cement: 2 fine aggregate: 3 coarse aggregate and water cement ratio of 0.5. Five concrete mixtures were made by replacing natural coarse aggregate in concrete mixtures with BSW of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. For each mixture 10 specimens were made: 5 cube specimens measuring 150x150x150 mm for compressive strength test and 5 cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 150 mm and 300 mm high for splitting tensile strength test. For measurement of unit weight, the two types of specimens were used. The result shows that the unit weight of concrete made with BSW is about 3%-7% lighter than that of concrete made with natural coarse aggregate. Concrete made with certain quantity of BSW can produce both compressive strength and splitting tensile strength higher than concrete made with natural coarse aggregate. The compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete made with 100% BSW can respectively reach about 88% and 104% of that of concrete made with natural coarse aggregate. Keyword-Black Stone Waste, Unit Weight, Compressive Strength, Splitting Tensile Strength I. INTRODUCTION Concrete is a very popular construction material used in the construction industry. This is because concrete is easy to make, strong withstand compressive loads, durable and the price is relatively cheaper than competing construction materials, such as steel. The performance of concrete is much influenced by the forming material: water, cement and aggregate, so that the selection of the material must be considered carefully in order to obtain the quality of the concrete as designed. The use of aggregates, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate, in concrete production can reach about 75% of the total material needed [1]. Thus the selection of the type of aggregates used must be well controlled, particularly with regard to their properties. Black stones are basalt stones which origin from volcanic lava having frozen. This type of stone is blackish in color, sharp and rough. In the Province of Bali, black stones are usually processed by carving craftsmen to be used as traditional building ornaments. Approximately 30% of black stones processed by craftsmen becomes waste, in the form of granules or powder. At present, this waste has not been managed properly and is usually left to accumulate around the working area and/or drainage channels, so that it has the potential to cause environmental disruption. Figure 1 shows the waste around the craftsmen working area.

Influence Substitution of Tabas Stone Waste which Coated Polyester Resin to Concrete Compressive Strength

“…Tabas stone can be considered as a potential alternative material to replace coarse aggregate in concrete mixes because of its shape and texture. The use of tabas stone as a coarse aggregate can achieve a strength of around 20 MPa (Salain et al, 2019).…”

“…Behind this, improper management of tabas waste can threaten environmental pollution. Several studies using tabas stone as an aggregate in concrete mixtures have been carried out (Salain et al, 2019;Sunaryo, 2007). Apart from being a coarse and fine aggregate, many tabas wastes also use it as an additive or filler ((Intara et al, 2013;Triswandana et al, 2021).…”

Effects of climate change on dry-wet and its driving factors in the Palu watershed, Indonesia

“…According to the classification criteria of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) for wet and dry areas [16] and considering the climatic characteristics can be classified into the following areas based on AI: extremely arid (AI < 0.05); arid (0.05 AI < 0.2); semi-arid (0.2 AI < 0.5); sub humidity (0.5 AI < 1.0); and humidity (AI > 1.0). In equation ( 2), precipitation data are obtained from observations, while ET0 is calculated according to the FAOrecommended Penman-Monteith formula [17][18][19]:…”

Unit Weight and Elastic Modulus of Concrete utilizing Volcanic Stone Waste as Coarse Aggregate

“…Studies on the utilization of volcanic stone waste (VSW), in powder form, as a basic material for making artificial stone have been realized [1] as well as its use as a partial replacement for Portland cement [2]. The use of VSW as aggregate in concrete mixture, especially from the stand point of strength has also been conducted [3]- [4]. In this research, the use of VSW as coarse aggregate for concrete was carried out to evaluate its unit weight and elastic modulus.…”