Performance of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 on soybean and resistance traits of cultivars

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the biological development of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 confined on eleven soybean cultivars under greenhouse conditions and estimate genetic parameters for correlated resistance traits. Twenty individuals of B. tabaci were released in cages and closed in the petioles of the plant leaflets. A completely randomized design was used with eleven treatments and five replicates. The evaluations occurred over 25 days. The insects that emerged from the bioassay were confined to plants of their respective cultivars. This procedure was performed on five generations of the insect to evaluate the ability of the plant to express resistance by generations of the whitefly. It was found that M 8808 and AS 3810 negatively affected the oviposition of B. tabaci. The cultivar BRS 9280 affected the development of the insect. According to the selection index, the cultivars that showed best performance were BRS 9280, AS 3810, M 8808, and BRS 8383. The cultivars BRS 9280, AS 3810, and M 8808 expressed resistance characteristics for five generations when analyzed under the pressure of whiteflies, which are considered sources of resistance to B. tabaci MEAM1 for breeding programs to obtain resistant cultivars.

Change in the Physiological Aspects of Soybean Caused by Infestation by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1

“…The observation that resistant cultivars, demonstrating antixenosis or antibiosis against B. tabaci, exhibit heightened photosynthetic parameters, while susceptible cultivars consistently display reductions, implies that resistance mechanisms play a vital role in sustaining soybean plant photosynthetic efficiency under whitefly infestations. "Antixenosis" refers to characteristics deterring insect settling or feeding, while "antibiosis" negatively impacts insect growth, development, or survival when feeding on the plant [19,20].…”

“…Resistant cultivars may better balance energy allocation for defense mechanisms and growth, contributing to higher photosynthetic efficiency. Additionally, they may produce secondary metabolites in response to whitefly feeding, some positively impacting photosynthesis and overall plant health [19,20].…”

“…The eleven soybean cultivars were chosen based on prior research [19,20], which demonstrated their adaptability to the northeastern Brazilian environment and their ability to yield well. These cultivars can be considered valuable sources of resistance against B. tabaci MEAM1 for breeding programs aimed at developing resistant soybean cultivars [19,20] (Table 1).…”

Change in the Physiological Aspects of Soybean Caused by Infestation by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1

“…This balance can contribute to higher photosynthetic efficiency. Resistant cultivars might produce secondary metabolites in response to whitefly feeding, and some of these compounds could have positive effects on photosynthesis and overall plant health [19,20].…”

“…The eleven soybean cultivars were chosen based on prior research, which demonstrated their adaptability to the northeastern Brazilian environment and their ability to yield well. These cultivars can be considered valuable sources of resistance against B. tabaci MEAM1 for breeding programs aimed at developing resistant soybean cultivars [19,20] (Table 1).…”