Performance of a Three-Dimensional Hvorslev–Modified Cam Clay Model for Overconsolidated Clay

Dilatancy Relation for Overconsolidated Clay

“…In previous bounding surface models, (11) is a decreasing function of R and thus an increasing function with the degree of overconsolidation, which is indeed supported by the experimental observations (Zervoyanis 1982;Nakai and Hinokio 2004;Mita et al, 2004). The introduction of a virtual peak stress ratio is to address the strain softening response after the peak stress ratio state of OC clay as first discussed by Wood et al (1994) …”

“…When subjected to shear, an OC clay shows typically a volume expansion when the OCR is high, and a volume contraction when the OCR is low (Henkel 1956;Herrmann et al 1981;Gens 1982;Zervoyanis 1982;Shimizu 1982;Yin et al 2002;Hattab and Yicher 2004;Nakai and Hinokio 2004). Indeed, dilatancy has always been regarded key to the characterization of both strength and deformation of soils (Taylor 1948;Rowe 1962;Bolton 1986;Schofield 1998;Jefferies and Shuttle 2002;Mita et al, 2004;Yin and Chang 2013;Ni et al, 2014;Kimoto et al, 2014). Based on the interlocking concept of Taylor (1948), for example, Schofield (1998) has shown that clay on the dry side of critical state will dilate, and the dilation accounts for the observed difference between the peak and critical state strengths.…”

Model of Soft Soils under Cyclic Loading

“…The performance of such soils under static loading has been modeled by a number of researchers (Roscoe and Burland 1968;Mita et al 2004; Karstunen et al 2012). By contrast, the cyclic behavior of soft subgrade soils is more complex.…”

Validation and implementation of HASP constitutive model for overconsolidated clays

“…Veličina srednjeg normalnog efektivnog napona p' značajno utiče na ponašanje tla, tako da se krupnozrno tlo za dati koeficijent poroznosti pri velikoj vrednosti srednjeg efektivnog napona ponaša kao rastresito, dok se za manje vrednosti srednjeg efektivnog napona ponaša kao zbijeno. To znači da je za karakterizaciju krupnozrnog tla -pored koeficijenta poroznosti -neophodna i veličina srednjeg efektivnog the Hvorslev surface, which was followed by other authors in their modifications [15,25,50,46,37]. That imposes a more realistic limit to possible stress states above the critical state line and gives a more realistic description of peak shear stress value in drained and undrained conditions.…”

“…Zienkiewicz and Naylor [52] have incorporated the mathematical description of drugi autori [15,25,50,46,37]. Na taj način se modifikuje granica mogućih naponskih stanja iznad linije kritičnog stanja i realnije opisuje veličina smičućeg napona pri lomu u dreniranim i nedreniranim uslovima.…”