Performance of a magnesium?lithium alloy as an anode for magnesium batteries

Sivashanmugam, A.; Kumar, T. Prem; Renganathan, N.G.; Gopukumar, S.

doi:10.1007/s10800-004-2728-3

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…In addition to the concerted efforts focused on the particles, morphologies, and surface film of Mg, alloying Mg with elements with a high hydrogen evolution overpotential is attracting growing attention. The Mgalloy prepared by doping pure magnesium with metals or elements (i.e., Al, Zn, Ga, Ca, Pb, Li, Mn, and rare earth elements) can effectively inhibit the HER and self-corrosion reactions of the anode, thereby facilitating the self-peeling of the discharge products and thus reducing the polarization of Mg anodes in aqueous electrolytes [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] . There have been many studies on Mg-Zn [22] , Mg-Ca [23] , commercial AZ31 (Mg-3%Al-1%Zn), AZ61 (Mg-6%Al-1%Zn) [24,25] , and AP65 (Mg-6%Al-5%Pb) [26] alloys serving as anodes for Mg-air batteries and significant effort has also been devoted to some other elements with high corrosion resistance [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] .…”

Section: Mg Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and prospects of Mg-air batteries: a review

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Ren³

et al. 2022

Energy Mater

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Mg-air batteries, with their intrinsic advantages such as high theoretical volumetric energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness, have attracted tremendous attention for electrical energy storage systems. However, they are still in an early stage of development and suffer from large voltage polarization and poor cycling performance. At present, Mg-air batteries with high rechargeability remain difficult to achieve, mainly because the discharge products [Mg(OH)2, MgO and MgO2] are thermodynamically and kinetically difficult to decompose at moderate voltage ranges. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize the reaction paths and kinetics from the electrodes to the batteries via the combination of materials design and first-principles calculations. In this review, remarkable progress is highlighted regarding the currently used materials for Mg-air batteries, including anodes, electrolytes, and cathodes. In addition, the corresponding reaction mechanisms are comprehensively surveyed. Finally, future perspectives for rechargeable Mg-air batteries with decreased voltage polarization and improved cycling performance are also described for further practical applications.

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Section: Mg Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and prospects of Mg-air batteries: a review

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Ren³

et al. 2022

Energy Mater

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“…14, 15 Udhayan et al reported that magnesium alloy AP65 (Al: 6-7%, Zn: 0.14-1.5%, Mn: 0.15-1.3% and Pb: 4.5-5%) has a hydrogen evolution rate of 0.15 mL min À1 cm À2 and a utilization efficiency of 84.6%. 17 They found that this Mg-Li alloy exhibited higher anodic efficiencies (81%) corresponding to the high current density (8.6 mA cm À2 ). 16 Sivashanmugam et al investigated Mg-Li alloy with 13 wt% Li for their possible use in magnesium primary reserve batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…16 Sivashanmugam et al investigated Mg-Li alloy with 13 wt% Li for their possible use in magnesium primary reserve batteries. 17 They found that this Mg-Li alloy exhibited higher anodic efficiencies (81%) corresponding to the high current density (8.6 mA cm À2 ). The other method of increasing the electrochemical properties of Mg-Li based alloys is the addition of additives to electrolytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effects of sodium fluoride as the electrolyte additive on the electrochemical performances of magnesium–8lithium–0.5zinc electrode in sodium chloride solution

Tang

et al. 2014

RSC Adv.

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The electrochemical performance of Mg-8Li-0.5Zn electrode in 0.7 mol L À1 NaCl solution with different concentrations of NaF (0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.5 mmol L À1 ) was investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic current-time curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and utilization efficiencies. The findings indicate that Mg-8Li-0.5Zn electrode in 0.7 mol L À1 NaCl solution with 1.0 mmol L À1 NaF has a higher discharge current density than that in 0.7 mol L À1 NaCl solution with the other concentrations of NaF that were investigated. The addition of 1.0 mmol L À1 NaF to the NaCl electrolyte solution loosens the product film and the oxidation products on the alloy surfaces of the electrode, which produces deeper and larger channels, as observed by the SEM investigation, compared with those in 0.7 mol L À1 NaCl solution without any NaF. The addition of 1.0 mmol L À1 NaF in 0.7 mol L À1 NaCl solution improves the continuous discharging utilization efficiency of Mg-8Li-0.5Zn electrode by more than 18.80%, and enhances the interval discharge utilization efficiency of Mg-8Li-0.5Zn electrode by more than 27.90%.

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“…In general, among various Mg alloy materials, the AZ31 alloy exhibits an excellent overall electrochemical performance, so it is often used as anode material for Mg‐air batteries in commercial products 4 . In addition, studies on various alloying elements (Mg, 5 Li, 6 Ga, 7 Ca, 8 and rare‐earth elements 2 ) are being actively conducted to improve the performance of the Mg alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of optimum current‐collector design on electrochemical performance of Mg‐air primary batteries for large‐scale energy storage

Kim

Jang²,

Jang

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Recent research has focused on the optimal current‐collector design of a large Mg anode for large‐scale Mg‐air primary batteries. The study investigated the effects of different current‐collector contact points (CCPs) on the electrochemical discharge performance and degradation of Mg anodes. The results revealed that the selection of CCPs on the Mg anode plays a critical role in improving the discharge capacity and power characteristics. The current values measured at several anode surface locations varied significantly depending on the CCP position on the Mg anode. This nonuniform current distribution is considered to be the major cause of undesirable degradation of the Mg anode upon discharge. Through numerical simulation based on electric field analysis, optimum multiple CCPs were designed to minimize the Mg anode degradation during the discharge process by alleviating the locally concentrated current in the vicinity of the CCPs of the Mg anode. The Mg anode with multiple CCPs exhibited a highly improved discharge capacity (46.2 Ah) and energy conversion efficiency (42%) compared to the Mg anode with single CCP (38.7 Ah and 35.2%). The multiple contact strategy and improved understanding of the correlation between the current distribution and anode degradation phenomena can be further applied for the optimal design and performance improvement of various types of metal‐air batteries, including Li‐, Al‐, and Zn‐air systems.

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Performance of a magnesium?lithium alloy as an anode for magnesium batteries

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Challenges and prospects of Mg-air batteries: a review

Challenges and prospects of Mg-air batteries: a review

The effects of sodium fluoride as the electrolyte additive on the electrochemical performances of magnesium–8lithium–0.5zinc electrode in sodium chloride solution

Effect of optimum current‐collector design on electrochemical performance of Mg‐air primary batteries for large‐scale energy storage

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