Performance of a large-area GEM detector read out with wide radial zigzag strips

Zhang, A.; Bhopatkar, V.; Hansen, Eric; Hohlmann, M.; Khanal, Shreeya; Phipps, M. W.; Starling, E.; Twigger, J.; Walton, Kimberly

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2015.11.157

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This was confirmed in more recent studies which showed that the spatial resolution of a small GEM detector with parallel zigzag strip or zigzag pad readout can approach 70 µm [4,5]. We subsequently introduced radial zigzag strips to read out trapezoidal large-area GEM detectors [6], which are intended for tracking systems at future experiments, e.g. forward tracking at the electron ion collider (EIC) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In our previous study [6], a similar zigzag readout structure was tested using hadron beams and the resolution was found to be around 180 µrad at a slightly lower voltage of V drift = 3200 V. We estimate from the measurement of resolution as a function of HV in that previous study that a 140 V increase in V drift corresponds to a 27% improvement in resolution, i.e. at V drift = 3340 V the resolution would be expected to be about 130 µrad.…”

Section: Spatial Resolutionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In our previous studies [5,6], we observed a non-linear relation between incident particle position and hit position measured from charge sharing among radial zigzag readout strips. This paper aims at quantifying the non-linear response of our previous zigzag designs and to demonstrate an improved zigzag design that has a linear response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…No effort was made to further improve the quality of these two boards. The original zigzag strip design that was used in our previous study [6]. The dashed blue lines represent the center lines of each zigzag strip.…”

Section: Zigzag Readout Strip Designs and Test Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 shows the setup and a sketch of the X-ray collimator. In order to be consistent with our previous study [6], the gas gaps in the GEM detector are set to 3/1/2/1 mm for drift gap, transfer gaps 1 and 2, and induction gap, respectively. We apply high voltage settings as if there was an HV divider with a resistor chain of 1/0.5/0.5/0.45/1/0.45/0.5 MΩ so that a single voltage V drift applied to the drift electrode will determine all the electric fields in the detector although individual HV channels are actually used to power the electrodes.…”

Section: Experimental Configuration and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A GEM readout with radial zigzag strips and linear charge-sharing response

Zhang¹,

Hohlmann²,

Azmoun³

et al. 2018

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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We study the position sensitivity of radial zigzag strips intended to read out large GEM detectors for tracking at future experiments. Zigzag strips can cover a readout area with fewer strips than regular straight strips while maintaining good spatial resolution. Consequently, they can reduce the number of required electronic channels and related cost for large-area GEM detector systems. A non-linear relation between incident particle position and hit position measured from charge sharing among zigzag strips was observed in a previous study. We significantly reduce this non-linearity by improving the interleaving of adjacent physical zigzag strips. Zigzag readout structures are implemented on PCBs and on a flexible foil and are tested using a 10 cm × 10 cm triple-GEM detector scanned with a strongly collimated X-ray gun on a 2D motorized stage. Angular resolutions of 60-84 µrad are achieved with a 1.37 mrad angular strip pitch at a radius of 784 mm. On a linear scale this corresponds to resolutions below 100 µm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Spatial Resolutionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Zigzag Readout Strip Designs and Test Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Configuration and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A GEM readout with radial zigzag strips and linear charge-sharing response

Zhang¹,

Hohlmann²,

Azmoun³

et al. 2018

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Accuracy of the geometric-mean method for determining spatial resolutions of tracking detectors in the presence of multiple Coulomb scattering

Zhang

Hohlmann²

2016

J. Inst.

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The geometric-mean method is often used to estimate the spatial resolution of a position-sensitive detector probed by tracks. It calculates the resolution solely from measured track data without using a detailed tracking simulation and without considering multiple Coulomb scattering effects. Two separate linear track fits are performed on the same data, one excluding and the other including the hit from the probed detector. The geometric mean of the widths of the corresponding exclusive and inclusive residual distributions for the probed detector is then taken as a measure of the intrinsic spatial resolution of the probed detector: σ = √ σ ex · σ in . The validity of this method is examined for a range of resolutions with a stand-alone Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation that specifically takes multiple Coulomb scattering in the tracking detector materials into account. Using simulated as well as actual tracking data from a representative beam test scenario, we find that the geometric-mean method gives systematically inaccurate spatial resolution results. Good resolutions are estimated as poor and vice versa. The more the resolutions of reference detectors and probed detector differ, the larger the systematic bias. An attempt to correct this inaccuracy by statistically subtracting multiple-scattering effects from geometric-mean results leads to resolutions that are typically too optimistic by 10-50%. This supports an earlier critique of this method based on simulation studies that did not take multiple scattering into account.

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Two-dimensional imaging triple-GEM detector with resistive anode readout

Dong

Zhao

et al. 2017

J. Inst.

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The resistive anode readout facilitates a good spatial resolution with a large reduction of the electronics channels. The application of such readout method on a 100 × 100 mm 2 triple-GEM detector is presented. The detector anode covers 88 × 88 mm 2 sensitive area and consists of 11 × 11 resistive cells with the cell dimension of 8 × 8 mm 2 . The detector has been tested by using a 55 Fe source (5.9 keV) and an X-ray tube (8 keV). It is found that the spatial resolution (σ) is about 120 µm with the intrinsic detector response better than 100 µm. The position nonlinearity of the whole sensitive area is better than 3%. The energy resolution for 5.9 keV X rays is around 20% (FWHM) and the gain nonuniformity between different cells is better than 7%. The detector shows a quite good 2D imaging performance as well. Especially, the detector costs only half of the number of the electronics channels compared with that using the 2D strip readout. K: Electronic detector readout concepts (gas, liquid); Gaseous imaging and tracking detectors; Micropattern gaseous detectors (MSGC, GEM, THGEM, RETHGEM, MHSP, MICROPIC, MICROMEGAS, InGrid, etc); X-ray detectors 1Corresponding author.

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Performance of a large-area GEM detector read out with wide radial zigzag strips

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

A GEM readout with radial zigzag strips and linear charge-sharing response

A GEM readout with radial zigzag strips and linear charge-sharing response

Accuracy of the geometric-mean method for determining spatial resolutions of tracking detectors in the presence of multiple Coulomb scattering

Two-dimensional imaging triple-GEM detector with resistive anode readout

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