Performance of a Bubble Column Reactor for the Non-Catalytic Methyl Esterification of Free Fatty Acids at Atmospheric Pressure

Joelianingsih,; Nabetani, Hiroshi; Hagiwara, Shoji; Sagara, Yasuyuki; Soerawidjaya, Tatang H.; Tambunan, Armansyah H.; Kadri, Abdullah

doi:10.1252/jcej.07we057

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is higher than the research conducted by Joelianingsih et al (2007) using a similar process at 200°C, which resulted in a FAME concentration of 74.18%. [23]. These findings indicate that the FAME concentration can be influenced by the reaction temperature, suggesting a need for further investigation by varying the reaction temperature or other reaction conditions.…”

Section: Biodiesel Production From Pfadmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The collected samples were analysed using thin layer chromatography/flame ionization detector (TLC/FID) applying methods explained by Joelianingsih et. al [23] to examine the contents of FFA and biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) in both the reaction product samples without methanol and the liquid samples inside the reactor. The methanol in samples A was evaporated using a rotary evaporator to obtain the methanol-free reaction products (samples B).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another approach on processing high-FFA oil is by using non catalytic process in bubble column reactor under atmospheric pressure [23][24]. This process involves superheated methanol vapor that bubbles into the oil to produce biodiesel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies proposed that this method can performed both esterification and transesterification simultaneously so that two step reaction for conversion of biodiesel from oil with high fatty acid is not required [24]. Nevertheless, these investigations focused on individual fatty acids like myristic acid, palmitic acid, or oleic acid, rather than a combination of acids or a mixture of acids and triglycerides [23,24]. Additionally, it is crucial to evaluate the reaction's efficiency to assess the potential applicability of this method for commercial production and to assess the availability of the raw material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Potential of High-Fatty Acid Content Oils for Biodiesel Production: A Catalyst-Free Approach

Solikhah,

Wirawan,

Sugiarto

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The adoption of biofuels has been recognized as one of the key approaches to strive towards achieving net zero emissions, particularly through the utilization of biodiesel derived from oils or fatty acids. To further optimize the utilization of biodiesel, it becomes crucial to explore alternative non-food resources, such as oils with a high content of fatty acids, to serve as biodiesel feedstock. This paper examines the potential use of oil with high fatty acid content, specifically palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), as a biodiesel feedstock. Typically, the biodiesel production process from PFAD involves a two-step catalytic process that requires a strong acid catalyst, known for its corrosiveness, that needs costly equipment materials. This research explores a catalyst-free production process ensuring a non-corrosive process with reduced capital expenses and fewer chemicals, thereby lowering operational costs. The results demonstrate that biodiesel from PFAD can be obtained in concentration of 83.9% using a one-step non-catalytic process with superheated methanol vapor at a temperature of 210°C under atmospheric pressure. This highlights the significant potential of catalyst-free technology in the production of biodiesel from PFAD.

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Section: Biodiesel Production From Pfadmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Potential of High-Fatty Acid Content Oils for Biodiesel Production: A Catalyst-Free Approach

Solikhah,

Wirawan,

Sugiarto

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Biodiesel, consisting of a mixture of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) can be obtained from green resources such as vegetable oils, animal fats, or even waste cooking oils from the food industry. Biodiesel may be obtained from the transesterification of triglycerides or esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs) with short‐chain and primary alcohols . Methanol is mainly used because it is relatively cheap, exhibits higher reactivity, and can be easily recovered due to the absence of azeotrope .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Kinetic Study for the Noncatalytic Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate

Hong¹,

Cho

Kim

et al. 2015

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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In this work, the reaction scheme for the esterification of palm fatty acid distillate performed under the noncatalytic and high-temperature condition (230-290°C) was investigated with a rigorous mathematical modeling. The esterification reaction was assumed to be the pseudo-homogeneous second-order reversible reaction, and the mass transfer effectiveness factor (η) was introduced in the modeling framework to systematically and collectively consider both evaporation and reaction, which are simultaneously and competitively occurred in the liquid phase. The nonlinear programming problem was constructed with the objective function consisting of the errors between experimental data and the estimated values from the reaction model. The problem was solved by using the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm to identify kinetic parameters, reaction rate constants, and mass transfer coefficients. The values of mass transfer coefficients were found to follow the Hertz-Knudsen relation and expressed as a function of reaction temperature. From the reaction rate constants obtained from the proposed kinetic models, the apparent activation energy was estimated to be 43.98 kJ/mol, which is lower than the value obtained from the reaction using heterogeneous catalysts. This low value indicates that reactants and products behave as an acid catalyst at relatively high operating temperature and constant pressure. C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 47: [489][490][491][492][493][494][495][496][497][498][499][500] 2015

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Noncatalytic Alcoholysis Process for Production of Biodiesel Fuel: Its Potential in Japan and Southeast Asia

Nabetani

Hagiwara

Nakajima

2010

Biocatalysis and Biomolecular Engineering

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Performance of a Bubble Column Reactor for the Non-Catalytic Methyl Esterification of Free Fatty Acids at Atmospheric Pressure

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Exploring the Potential of High-Fatty Acid Content Oils for Biodiesel Production: A Catalyst-Free Approach

Exploring the Potential of High-Fatty Acid Content Oils for Biodiesel Production: A Catalyst-Free Approach

A Kinetic Study for the Noncatalytic Esterification of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate

Noncatalytic Alcoholysis Process for Production of Biodiesel Fuel: Its Potential in Japan and Southeast Asia

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