Performance of 5G Trials for Industrial Automation

Ansari, Junaid; Christian, Andersson; Bruin, P. de; Farkas, János; Grosjean, Leefke; Sachs, Joachim; Torsner, Johan; Varga, Balázs; Harutyunyan, Davit; König, Niels; Schmitt, Robert

doi:10.3390/electronics11030412

Cited by 42 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…These measurements were performed with Wi-Fi and 5G with only one device attached to the network. In [13], the latency performance of the 5G network was evaluated. Specifically, the uplink and downlink latency was measured with different packet sizes and inter-packet arrivals, with one user equipment.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Study of 5G, Wi-Fi 6, and Multi-Connectivity Scalability in an Indoor Industrial Scenario

Segura,

Damsgaard,

Kabaci

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Industry 4.0 is being adopted by the manufacturing sector to improve the flexibility and reduce installation costs by the use of wireless connectivity. There is an open question of which wireless technology deployment should be used in the factory to fulfil the requirements for next-generation applications such as autonomous mobile robots. Wi-Fi technology is the most extended and easy to deploy, while the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G) network has been designed to support these industrial needs. Therefore, it is important to compare both technologies from a performance point of view, especially under different load conditions and number of devices. The use of multi-connectivity between 5G and Wi-Fi can also be an option to fulfil the requirements for the most critical real-time applications. In this paper, we empirically measure the scalability of 5G, Wi-Fi and multi-connectivity in the ''Aalborg University 5G Smart Production Lab'' and compare them in terms of latency and packet loss with different packet sizes. We found that in general Wi-Fi obtains lower latencies but large tails in the distribution, with a higher packet loss compared to 5G. On the other hand, 5G latency is very consistent with bounded tails, and low packet loss is obtained. In terms of scalability, 5G scales better than Wi-Fi, the latter being very affected by the number of devices transmitting data. Finally, multi-connectivity showed an improved reliability and lower latencies in all evaluated cases.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Study of 5G, Wi-Fi 6, and Multi-Connectivity Scalability in an Indoor Industrial Scenario

Segura,

Damsgaard,

Kabaci

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…Similarly, Ref. [27] evaluates the 5G wireless performance in a real industrial production environment. As we can see from [24][25][26][27], the physical experiments on 5G protocol adaptation are still missing.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

5G-Based Industrial Wireless Controller: Protocol Adaptation, Prototype Development, and Experimental Evaluation

et al. 2023

Actuators

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As a promising industrial wireless network technology, 5G URLLC is playing a key role in industrial control systems which employ different kinds of industrial control protocols. This leaves a significant challenge in how to adapt 5G URLLC with existing industrial control protocols and develop novel industrial wireless controllers. Motivated by this, this paper investigates the protocol adaptation and experimental evaluations for the development of a 5G-based industrial wireless controller prototype. Specifically, using the globally used industrial protocol Modbus as an example, we first deeply analyze the characteristics of the data packet format and the communication time sequence of Modbus RTU, Modbus TCP, and 5G protocols. Then, we propose a protocol resolution and conversion scheme for the protocol adaptation between Modbus RTU/Modbus TCP and 5G. Furthermore, we develop a wireless programmable logic controller (PLC) prototype system based on 5G. To evaluate the protocol adaptation scheme and the developed prototype, we perform extensive experiments to test the reliability and latency. The results demonstrate that the latency of the protocol adaptation scheme is smaller than that of protocol transparent transmission without resolution and conversion, while the reliability loss is not large. Moreover, the speed and reliability for the protocol adaptation between Modbus TCP and 5G are better than those between Modbus RTU and 5G.

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“…(e) 5G technology. This technology is expected to have a significant impact on a wide range of applications, from autonomous driving [77] to telemedicine [78][79][80] and industrial automation [81][82][83]. The 5G network uses advanced technologies, such as active array antennas, carrier aggregation technology, and advanced signal modulation techniques [84], to improve network efficiency and capacity.…”

Section: Asymmetric Advances Of the Technological Frontier (Digital D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of the 5G Network with Respect to Poverty (SDG1), Systematic Literature Review

2023

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Poverty is one of the biggest problems in the world caused by the lack of resources necessary to meet the basic needs of human survival. Ending global poverty is one of the main tasks of large organizations around the world, as well as the United Nations has established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the first goal being the “eradication of poverty”. On the other hand, 5G technology has been considered one of the most important revolutions in the digital era and has been highlighted for its ability to improve people’s quality of life. As this technology expands around the world, it is important to understand how it could contribute to poverty reduction, a major global challenge. To carry out this literature review work, various sources of information were used, with a total of 329 articles from which 49 relevant articles were obtained. It was identified that the sectors with the greatest contribution to poverty reduction are Government, Society, and Agriculture. It was also found that the most relevant 5G technology that influences poverty reduction on a larger scale is the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence. Being applied mainly in precision agriculture and Smart Cities. This review provides a reference point for the analysis of the use of 5G technologies in different sectors, with the aim of promoting equality and economic inclusion in rural areas and future research on the various factors that affect poverty reduction.

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Performance of 5G Trials for Industrial Automation

Cited by 42 publications

References 4 publications

An Empirical Study of 5G, Wi-Fi 6, and Multi-Connectivity Scalability in an Indoor Industrial Scenario

An Empirical Study of 5G, Wi-Fi 6, and Multi-Connectivity Scalability in an Indoor Industrial Scenario

5G-Based Industrial Wireless Controller: Protocol Adaptation, Prototype Development, and Experimental Evaluation

Contributions of the 5G Network with Respect to Poverty (SDG1), Systematic Literature Review

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