Performance modifying techniques for recycled thermoplastics

Ghosh, A. K.

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105887

Cited by 56 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 277 publications

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“…There are reports of different additives and techniques available, suitable to improve mechanical and other properties via improving interfacial adhesion or phase homogeneity of polymer blends and composites. 1 Compared to thermoplastics such as based on PCs, polyolefins such as low-density polyethylene (LDPE) have poor mechanical properties, and they are widely used as flexible films such as single-use plastic bags in supermarkets. LDPE is one of the most discarded plastics, contributing significantly to global environmental pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO₃

Ghosh

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyethylene (PE) and polycarbonate (PC) are not thermodynamically miscible, and they tend to be phase‐separated during melt‐processing, because of significant incompatibility in structures and properties. Interestingly, minerals such as CaCO3 are used in PE‐based supermarket bags for improving surface characteristics. In this study, recycled low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and PC resins are melt‐blended at 50/50 wt%, without and with oxidized polyethylene (OPE) as a compatibilizer. A parallel experiment is conducted with 50/50 blends of virgin LDPE and PC resins. Various characteristics such as tensile, viscoelastic, melt‐flow, and phase morphology of the materials are analyzed. The 50/50 blend of recycled LDPE/PC blend shows an average tensile strength of 15 MPa, which increases to 24 MPa on the addition of 5 wt% OPE, where total recycled content is 95 wt% including 15 wt% CaCO3. Notably, the presence of CaCO3‐based filler in recycled LDPE has a profound effect in improving the mechanical performance of the materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO₃

Ghosh

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The impurities catalyze the thermal degradation, i.e., cleavage reactions, while blending different plastic-types leads to phase separation during the processing because of the chemical incompatibility. These drawbacks mean poor properties of the recycled material, making it necessary to employ antioxidants, stabilizers, compatibilizers, coupling agents, and performance modifying techniques [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Thermoplastic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycled (Bio)Plastics and (Bio)Plastic Composites: A Trade Opportunity in a Green Future

et al. 2022

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Today’s world is at the point where almost everyone realizes the usefulness of going green. Due to so-called global warming, there is an urgent need to find solutions to help the Earth and move towards a green future. Many worldwide events are focusing on the global technologies in plastics, bioplastic production, the recycling industry, and waste management where the goal is to turn plastic waste into a trade opportunity among the industrialists and manufacturers. The present work aims to review the recycling process via analyzing the recycling of thermoplastic, thermoset polymers, biopolymers, and their complex composite systems, such as fiber-reinforced polymers and nanocomposites. Moreover, it will be highlighted how the frame of the waste management, increasing the materials specificity, cleanliness, and a low level of collected material contamination will increase the potential recycling of plastics and bioplastics-based materials. At the same time, to have a real and approachable trade opportunity in recycling, it needs to implement an integrated single market for secondary raw materials.

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“…Polymer composites reinforced with natural fillers show poor mechanical properties when the adhesion of the fiber to the polymer is inadequate [25]. Research has shown that adding an appropriate compatibilizer to a polymer matrix can improve mechanical properties, including impact strength, ductility, tensile strength, and stiffness, because of improved interfacial bonding and compatibility [26,27]. Coupling agents based on functional groups such as maleic anhydride and glycidyl methacrylate have been extensively used to modify fiber or matrix and enhance the interfacial interaction [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processability and Physical Properties of Compatibilized Recycled HDPE/Rice Husk Biocomposites

Rigail-Cedeño

Lazo

Gaona

et al. 2022

JMMP

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The circular economy promotes plastic recycling, waste minimization, and sustainable materials. Hence, the use of agricultural waste and recycled plastics is an eco-friendly and economic outlook for developing eco-designed products. Moreover, new alternatives to reinforce recycled polyolefins and add value to agroindustrial byproducts are emerging to develop processable materials with reliable performance for industrial applications. In this study, post-consumer recycled high-density polyethylene (rHDPE) and ground rice husk (RH) of 20% w/w were blended in a torque rheometer with or without the following coupling agents: (i) maleic anhydride grafted polymer (MAEO) 5% w/w, (ii) neoalkoxy titanate (NAT) 1.5% w/w, and (iii) ethylene–glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (EGMA) 5% w/w. In terms of processability, the addition of RH decreased the specific energy consumption in the torque experiments with or without additives compared to neat rHDPE. Furthermore, the time to reach thermal stability in the extrusion process was improved with EGMA and MAEO compatibilizers. Tensile and impact test results showed that using coupling agents enhanced the properties of the RH composites. On the other hand, thermal properties analyzed through differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis showed no significant variation for all composites. The morphology of the tensile fracture surfaces was observed via scanning electron microscopy. The results show that these recycled composites are feasible for manufacturing products when an appropriate compatibilizer is used.

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Performance modifying techniques for recycled thermoplastics

Cited by 56 publications

References 277 publications

Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO₃

Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO₃

Recycled (Bio)Plastics and (Bio)Plastic Composites: A Trade Opportunity in a Green Future

Processability and Physical Properties of Compatibilized Recycled HDPE/Rice Husk Biocomposites

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Performance modifying techniques for recycled thermoplastics

Cited by 56 publications

References 277 publications

Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO3

Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO3

Recycled (Bio)Plastics and (Bio)Plastic Composites: A Trade Opportunity in a Green Future

Processability and Physical Properties of Compatibilized Recycled HDPE/Rice Husk Biocomposites

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Product

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Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO₃

Recycled polyethylene/polycarbonate blends compatibilized with oxidized polyethylene/CaCO₃