Performance, meat quality, and pectoral myopathies of broilers fed either corn or sorghum based diets supplemented with guanidinoacetic acid

Córdova-Noboa, Hernan A.; Oviedo-Rondón, E. O.; Sarsour, A.H.; Barnes, Julie; Ferzola, Pedro Henrique Sessegolo; Rademacher-Heilshorn, M.; Braun, Ulrike

doi:10.3382/ps/pey096

Cited by 54 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Supplementing 1,200 mg/kg GAA has been shown to improved feed conversion of broilers (Degroot, ; Majdeddin, Golian, Kermanshahi, Smet, & Michiels, ; Michiels et al, ). In further study, supplementation with 600 mg/kg GAA to broiler diets also improved average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion (Córdova‐Noboa, Oviedo‐Rondón, Sarsour, Barnes, Ferzola et al, ; Heger et al, ; Metwally, Ibrahim, & Khater, ; Pradeep, Radermacher, & Girish, ). And the European Union authorized GAA as a feed additive for chickens for fattening at 600–1,200 mg/kg (EFSA, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance, creatine metabolism and plasma amino acid profile in broilers

Yang

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The objective of this study was to assess the effects of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on growth performance, creatine deposition and blood amino acid (AA) profile on broiler chickens. In Exp. 1, a total of 540 one‐day‐old Arbor Acres male broilers (average initial body weight, 45.23 ± 0.35 g) were divided randomly into five treatments with six replicates of 18 chicks each. Broilers were fed corn–soybean meal‐basal diets supplemented with 0, 600, 800, 1,000 or 1,200 mg/kg GAA for 42 days respectively. Results showed that dietary GAA inclusion increased average daily gain (ADG) and improved gain‐to‐feed ratio (G:F) from 1 to 42 days (p < 0.01). However, average daily feed intake was unaffected by dietary supplementation of GAA. As GAA inclusion increased, the contents of creatine in plasma and kidney were increased (linear, p < 0.01), while the contents of GAA and creatine in liver were decreased (linear, p < 0.01). Similarly, GAA supplementation was inversely related to concentrations of most essential AA in plasma. In Exp. 2, a total of 432 one‐day‐old Arbor Acres male broilers (average initial body weight, 39.78 ± 0.58 g) were divided randomly into four treatments with six replicates of 18 chicks each. Birds were fed a corn–soybean meal‐basal diet supplemented with 0, 200, 400 or 600 mg/kg GAA for 42 days respectively. Dietary inclusion of 600 mg/kg GAA significantly increased ADG and G:F of broilers (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 600–1,200 mg/kg GAA can effectively improve the growth performance in broiler chickens by affecting creatine metabolism and utilization efficiency of essential AA, and 600 mg/kg GAA is the minimum dose for improving performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance, creatine metabolism and plasma amino acid profile in broilers

Yang

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…Analogously, different coccidiosis control approaches (Dalle Zotte, Tasoniero, Russo, Longoni, & Cecchinato, ) and dietary supplementation with antioxidants (vitamin E, C, and selenium) and organic trace minerals (Kuttappan et al., ; Sihvo et al., ; Sirri et al., ), which overall have been supposed to reduce muscle fiber oxidative stress associated with breast abnormality progress, did not result in any true mitigation effects. On the other hand, a slight reduction of moderate cases of WB has been obtained by dietary supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid used a precursor of creatine, but strong interaction with diet composition was found (Cordoba‐Noboa et al., ,b). Recently, it was demonstrated that an increase of arginine:lysine ratio can have a mitigation effect on breast meat abnormalities (Zampiga, Soglia, Petracci, Meluzzi, & Sirri, ) though a similar study led to a divergent outcome (Bodle et al., ).…”

Section: Means Of Alleviation: Facts and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wooden‐Breast, White Striping, and Spaghetti Meat: Causes, Consequences and Consumer Perception of Emerging Broiler Meat Abnormalities

Petracci

Soglia

Madruga

et al. 2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

262

325

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Ten years ago, the occurrence of macroscopic defects in breasts muscles from fast‐growing broilers challenged producers and animal scientists to label and characterize myopathies wholly unknown. The distinctive white striations in breasts affected by white striping disorder, the presence of out‐bulging and pale areas of hardened consistency in the so‐called wooden breast, and the separation of the fiber bundles in breasts labelled as spaghetti meat, made these myopathies easily identified in chicken carcasses. Yet, the high incidence of these myopathies and the increasing concern by producers and retailers led to an unprecedented flood of questions on the causes and consequences of these abnormal chicken breasts. This review comprehensively collects the most relevant information from studies aimed to understand the pathological mechanisms of these myopathies, their physicochemical and histological characterization and their impact on meat quality and consumer's preferences. Today, it is known that the occurrence is linked to fast‐growth rates of the birds and their large breast muscles. The muscle hypertrophy along with an unbalanced growth of supportive connective tissue leads to a compromised blood supply and hypoxia. The occurrence of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction leads to lipidosis, fibrosis, and overall myodegeneration. Along with the altered appearance, breast muscles affected by the myopathies display poor technological properties, impaired texture properties, and reduced nutritional value. As consumer's awareness on the occurrence of these abnormalities and the concerns on animal welfare arise, efforts are made to inhibit the onset of the myopathies or alleviate the severity of the symptoms. The lack of fully effective dietary strategies leads scientists to propose whether “slow” production systems may alternatively provide with poultry meat free of these myopathies.

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“…Ibrahim et al (2019) also indicated that a possible shortage of methyl groups could be induced by long-term GAA supplementation in ducks, which could impair protein synthesis unless more methionine is added to the feed. In diets based on sorghum, the lower Arg, and Met digestibility as a consequence of kafirin and tannin presence could reduce the efficacy of GAA (Córdova-Noboa et al, 2018a). Therefore, attention to dietary factors seems essential, and more research is warranted to validate positive results with GAA.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the reduction in the severity of myopathies has been associated with growth rate reduction ( Petracci et al, 2015 , 2019 ; Aviagen, 2019 ). Recent studies have reported that the dietary inclusion of guanidino acetic acid (GAA) partially ameliorated the occurrence and severity of WB myopathy while maintaining or improving live performance and breast meat yield ( Córdova-Noboa et al, 2018a , b ; Aviagen, 2019 ; Vargas, 2019 ). GAA is a metabolite precursor of creatine, a central energy molecule in muscles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Guanidino Acetic Acid to Reduce the Occurrence and Severity of Broiler Muscle Myopathies

Oviedo-Rondón

Córdova-Noboa

2020

Front. Physiol.

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Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is the biochemical precursor of creatine, which, in its phosphorylated form, is an essential high-energy carrier in the muscle. Although creatine has limited stability in feed processing, GAA is well established as a source of creatine in the animal feed industry. Published data demonstrate beneficial effects of GAA supplementation on muscle creatine, energy compounds, and antioxidant status, leading to improvements in broiler body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and breast meat yield. Although increases in weight gain and meat yield are often associated with wooden breast (WB) and other myopathies, recent reports have suggested the potential of GAA supplementation to reduce the occurrence and severity of WB while improving breast meat yield. This disorder increases the hardness of the Pectoralis major muscle and has emerged as a current challenge to the broiler industry worldwide by impacting meat quality. Genetic selection, fast-growth rates, and environmental stressors have been identified to be the main factors related to this myopathy, but the actual cause of this disorder is still unknown. Creatine supplementation has been used as a nutritional prescription in the treatment of several muscular myopathies in humans and other animals. Because GAA is a common feed additive in poultry production, the potential of GAA supplementation to reduce broiler myopathies has been investigated in experimental and commercial scenarios. In addition, a few studies have evaluated the potential of creatine in plasma and blood enzymes related to creatine to be used as potential markers for WB. The evidence indicates that GAA could potentially minimize the incidence of WB. More data are warranted to understand the factors affecting the potential efficacy of GAA to reduce the occurrence and severity of myopathies.

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Performance, meat quality, and pectoral myopathies of broilers fed either corn or sorghum based diets supplemented with guanidinoacetic acid

Cited by 54 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance, creatine metabolism and plasma amino acid profile in broilers

Effects of guanidinoacetic acid on growth performance, creatine metabolism and plasma amino acid profile in broilers

Wooden‐Breast, White Striping, and Spaghetti Meat: Causes, Consequences and Consumer Perception of Emerging Broiler Meat Abnormalities

The Potential of Guanidino Acetic Acid to Reduce the Occurrence and Severity of Broiler Muscle Myopathies

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