Performance Limits of Fluid Antenna Systems

Wong, Kai‐Kit; Shojaeifard, Arman; Tong, Kin‐Fai; Zhang, Yangyang

doi:10.1109/lcomm.2020.3006554

Cited by 59 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This paper uses the term 'fluid antenna' to represent a reconfigurable system that can automatically switch the antenna position to the best of N fixed locations (referred to as 'ports') within a given space instantly. The diversity benefit of fluid antenna for single-user communication was analyzed in terms of outage probability in [36] while [37] has already examined the ergodic capacity of a single-user fluid antenna system. It was revealed that with a space of half a wavelength or less, a single fluid antenna system with only one RF chain can obtain as much capacity as a maximum ratio combining system with many spatially uncorrelated antennas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Antenna Multiple Access

Wong

Tong

2022

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Antenna Multiple Access

Wong

Tong

2022

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fluid switch improves the isolation of the two bands and avoids biasing line disturbances. More recently, the authors of [72] and [73] proposed a new fluid antenna system (FAS) where a position-flexible antenna can switch its location freely within a given space. It was demonstrated that even with a tiny space, a single-antenna FAS can outperform a multiple-antenna maximum ratio combining system in terms of outage probability if the number of locations (or ports) the fluid antenna can be switched to is large enough.…”

Section: B Pure Water Antennasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Antennas: Past, Present and Future

Huang

Xing

Song

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Antennas Propag.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The liquid antenna, as a new member of the antenna family, has drawn significant and increasing attention from both academia and industry due to its unique features. In this paper, a comprehensive review on this technology is presented which covers both metallic and non-metallic liquid antennas. Non-metallic liquid antennas are further divided into water-based and non-water-based liquid antennas. We first review and compare different liquid antennas and highlight the major developments in the past. Detailed discussions on state-of-the-art designs and current technical challenges are then presented, and finally the ways forward for the future are suggested. As a special feature, an in-depth review and discussion on materials for liquid antennas are provided which was not well covered in the literature in the past, important properties of selected materials are given in three comparison tables which can serve as antenna material selection references. It is shown that Galinstan is probably the best choice for metallic liquid antennas while ionic liquid materials are the preferred choice for dielectric liquid antennas. The challenges of making the liquid antenna for real-world applications are identified and discussed. It is believed that a liquid antenna implemented in radio systems is probably just around the corner.

show abstract

“…1 illustrates the concept of a possible realisation on a handset where conductive fluid is installed on a tube‐like structure within which the fluid is free to move. In this design example, the shape of the antenna cannot be changed but its position can, which may be exploited for diversity and capacity benefits [6 ].…”

Section: What Is Fluid Antenna?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluid antenna research is still at an early stage, although the ideas of using liquid based antennas have been researched for over a decade, and the performance limits under idealised conditions have also recently been studied in [6 ],[14 ],[15 ]. There are major obstacles that still need to be overcome satisfactorily, should fluid antenna play a key role in 6G.…”

Section: Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Antenna System for 6G: When Bruce Lee Inspires Wireless Communications

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since its inception, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has become a magical technology that continues to break new grounds and deliver the needed upgrades in mobile communications. The emerging 5G systems are also being labelled by many as the massive MIMO generation. This somewhat oversimplified view is perhaps a reflection of the great impact MIMO has had on our generation of mobile communication networks. Although the technologies have evolved in the past decades, the principle remains the same-to exploit the diversity of different copies of signals at independent locations for reducing the degree of fading and randomness of wireless channels. Through signal processing and coding, the diversity has been translated successfully into capacity gain and enhancement in other forms of the quality-of-service. This article identifies "fluid" antenna as a trending technology that may succeed MIMO and become a reality to transform wireless communications to a new height. Fluid antenna is a radical approach that advocates software-controlled position-flexible shape-flexible antenna. The concept liberates antennas to unleash massive diversity inherent in the small space of a mobile device and makes possible new opportunities that were previously unthinkable. This article attempts to be imaginative and aims to take readers on a short journey of what fluid antenna might bring in future-generation mobile communications systems and speculate on its impact.

show abstract

Performance Limits of Fluid Antenna Systems

Cited by 59 publications

References 12 publications

Fluid Antenna Multiple Access

Fluid Antenna Multiple Access

Liquid Antennas: Past, Present and Future

Fluid Antenna System for 6G: When Bruce Lee Inspires Wireless Communications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About