Performance investigation of a multi‐nozzle ejector for proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

Han, Jiquan; Feng, Jianmei; Hou, Tianfang; Peng, Xueyuan

doi:10.1002/er.5996

Cited by 45 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Patent materials describe jet devices, including electors with nozzles placed in stationary disk supports [13,14] or rotating disk supports [15]. Supersonic electors for various purposes have been actively studied [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Examples of mesh nozzles used in designing electors are known [23][24][25].…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation of Mesh Jet Devices for Promising Energy-Saving Technologies

et al. 2022

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This paper discusses the development of mesh jet devices for hybrid turbines, including developing Euler's ideas, and considers a new patented version of a mesh jet device designed to create guiding devices for turbines. The research methods are based on simulations using CFD and additive technologies. An intermediate conclusion is that a new scientific direction for the study and creation of mesh jet control systems has been formed as part of developing Euler's ideas. Calculation methods showed possible improvements in the performance of jet devices, including the use of curved tubes proposed by Euler to create turbines. This study shows that at the nozzle or mixing chamber outlet, the jet can deflect by an angle from +180° to -180° within the geometric sphere. This study also shows that the scientific groundwork prepared by Euler is not yet fully understood. The ongoing research mainly focuses on creating multi-mode jet devices designed for control systems for mesh turbomachines. Here, power consumption from an external source can be reduced to save energy. Some results of ongoing studies can also be applied in other industries (for example, when creating hybrid propulsion systems or propulsors). The scientific novelty of this work consists of improving the design methodology of jet machinery and turbomachines. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-12-06 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation of Mesh Jet Devices for Promising Energy-Saving Technologies

et al. 2022

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“…Brunner et al [27] proposed a variable flow rate ejector controlled by a moving needle and successfully applied it to a 17 kW fuel cell system. Wang et al [28][29][30] and Han et al [31] used multi-nozzle ejectors in the anode recirculation system of the PEMFC, which effectively expanded the operating range of the hydrogen-recirculating units. Han et al [11] and Yu et al [32] proposed bypass-ejector devices to improve the entrained performance of high-power conditions and widen the operating range of PEMFCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Global Parameters and Local Flow Optimization of a Pulsed Ejector for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Li,

Sun,

Bao

2024

Sustainability

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as an important utilization of hydrogen energy, contribute to the sustainable development of global energy. Pulsed ejectors have a high potential for improving the hydrogen utilization of PEMFCs in the full operating range by circulating unconsumed hydrogen. In this study, a pulsed ejector applied to a 120 kW fuel cell was designed, and the flow characteristics were analysed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Based on the data from the CFD model, the global optimization of the ejector was carried out using the Gaussian process regression (GPR) surrogate model and the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. The local structure was then further optimized using an adjoint method coupling streamlining modification that takes into account the local flow characteristics. The CFD results showed that, under a fixed structure, increasing the pressure difference between the secondary flow and the ejector outlet would promote boundary layer separation, shorten the shockwave chain length, change the effective flow area of the secondary flow, and lower the entrainment ratio (ER). The analytical results from the GPR model indicated significant interactions among the structural parameters. The globally optimized ejector using GPR and GWO improved the hydrogen entrainment ratio from 1.42 to 3.12 at the design point. Furthermore, the results of streamlining local optimization show that the entrainment ratio increased by 1.67% at the design point and increased by up to 3.99% over the full operating range compared to the optimized ejector by global optimization.

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“…The passive recirculation mode uses the ejector scheme, which transfers the new hydrogen pressure energy at a medium pressure to the low-pressure mixture at the anode tail discharge by means of the viscous shear and convective forces of gas to realize the momentum exchange between the new hydrogen and the mixture, thus achieving the purpose of increasing the pressure of the anode tail discharge mixture, realizing the recycling of the tail discharge hydrogen, and sending the mixture into the anode inlet [16]. This technology has the advantages of having no moving parts, low cost, low noise, long life span, and no parasitic energy consumption [7], and being simple to control, which has become a research hotspot in the industry [17,18]. The combined recirculation mode is a series or parallel scheme using an HRP and an ejector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation into the Performance of PEMFCs with Three Different Hydrogen Recirculation Schemes

Li,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Inventions

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Hydrogen recirculation systems (HRSs) are vital components of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), and it is necessary to investigate different HRS schemes to meet the needs of high-power PEMFCs. PEMFCs are developing in the direction of low cost, high power, wide working conditions, low noise, compact structure, etc. Currently, it is difficult for hydrogen recirculation pumps (HRPs) to meet the flow requirements of high-power PEMFCs. HRPs inevitably have high parasitic energy consumption, loud noise output, high cost, easy leakage, and high failure rates. Therefore, it is necessary to study different HRS schemes to develop a better solution for high-power PEMFCs. In this study, the functional prototype of a piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) based on three HRSs of HRPs was designed, and a functional prototype was built. Working according to the analysis and comparison of PEMFC performance test data, we find that the net power trend of PEMFC systems using three different HRS technology schemes is consistent. The ejector scheme and the combination scheme do not reduce the performance of PEMFCs and have advantages in different power ranges, such as 24 A, 48 A, and other small current points. The PEFMC system net power order is as follows: ejector scheme > HRP scheme > combination scheme. At about 120 A, the net power outputs of the three HRS schemes in the PEMFC system coincide. From around 180 A onwards, the PEMFC system power of the combined HRS scheme gradually dominates. At 320 A, the PEFMC system net power order is as follows: combined HRS scheme > HRP scheme > ejector scheme.

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Performance investigation of a multi‐nozzle ejector for proton exchange membrane fuel cell system

Cited by 45 publications

References 48 publications

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation of Mesh Jet Devices for Promising Energy-Saving Technologies

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation of Mesh Jet Devices for Promising Energy-Saving Technologies

Coupling Global Parameters and Local Flow Optimization of a Pulsed Ejector for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Experimental Investigation into the Performance of PEMFCs with Three Different Hydrogen Recirculation Schemes

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