Performance indicators for air and air–steam auto-thermal updraft gasification of biomass in packed bed reactor

Kihedu, Joseph; Yoshiie, Ryo; Naruse, Ichiro

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.07.015

Cited by 64 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is expected that the efficiency can be improved by applying continuous feeding and optimizing the steam to feedstock ratio. The one with 91.4% cold gas efficiency does not include the energy provided to the steam, and that is why it has an unrealistic value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researchers have carried out extensive studies on the steam gasification of various types of feedstock. For example, researchers such as Kihedu et al and Sharma and Sheth studied an air‐steam gasification process which uses injected steam in the conventional air gasifier in order to increase the hydrogen concentration. Although these show the advantage of utilizing steam, hydrogen concentration still remains in the range of 4–20% by volume because of the nitrogen dilution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of useful energy from solid waste materials by steam gasification

Lee

Dong

Chung

2016

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYA steam gasification processes is an energy conversion pathway through which organic materials are converted to useful energy. In spite of the high energy content in organic waste materials, they have been mostly disposed of in landfills, which causes harmful environmental issues such as methane emissions and ground water pollution and contaminations. In this sense, organic solid waste materials are regarded as alternative resources for conversion to useful energy in the steam gasification process. In this study, three types of waste materials -municipal solid waste (MSW), used tires and sewage sludge -were used to generate syngas through the gasification process in a 1000°C steam atmosphere. The syngas generation rates and its chemical compositions were measured and evaluated over time to determine the characteristics and dynamics of the gasification process. Also, carbon conversion, and mass and energy balances are presented which demonstrates the feasibility of steam gasification as a waste conversion pathway. The results show that the syngas contains high concentrations of H 2 , around 41-55% by volume. The syngas generation rate was found to depend on the carbon content in the feedstock regardless of the types of input materials. Comparing to the hydrogen production from water splitting that requires extremely high temperatures at around 1500°C, hydrogen production by steam gasification of organic materials can be regarded as equally effective but requires lower system temperatures.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of useful energy from solid waste materials by steam gasification

Lee

Dong

Chung

2016

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…Most of researchers in gasification field have preferred to work with downdraft gasification rather than updraft gasification [4,5]. This is due to relatively lower tar generation during downdraft gasification under which further tar cracking occurs as product gasses pass through the high temperature reduction zone packed with charred biomass [5,6,7]. As opposed to that, premature escaping of product gasses under updraft gasification results into high tar content of the syngas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As opposed to that, premature escaping of product gasses under updraft gasification results into high tar content of the syngas. Nevertheless, updraft gasification produces syngas with favorably slightly higher lower heating value syngas [5,6,8]. In case of producer gas application in engine, tar can get deposited to cause engine troubles [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basic requirement for syngas gas application in the engine is to have tar concentration less than 0.02 gm -3 [10]. Tar is also detrimental to gasification catalysts and its formation represents low conversion to gas and hence low gasification efficiency [5,6]. Polyaromatic hydrocarbon can also be formed during combustion of petroleum products [3,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Tar Generated during Updraft Gasification of Woody Biomass in Auto-thermal Packed Bed Reactor

Kihedu

2017

BJAST

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This study presents characteristics of tar formed during updraft gasification of biomass by using mass spectrometry and thermogravimetric analysis. Tar content in producer gas is higher at the lower-middle part of the reactor which represents a pyrolytic zone. Tar is composed of C, H, N and O by 70.62%, 10.62%, 0.57% and 18.20%, correspondingly and its HHV is around 35.27 MJkg -1 . ToF-MS analysis for ion mass-to-charge ratio (mz -1 ) indicates high intensities from 280 mz -1 to around 380 mz -1 . In comparison with tar taken from the trap, tar samples captured along the bed heights have relatively low peaks at 500 mz -1 , 555 mz -1 and 615 mz -1 . Devolatilization of tar up to 700 K follows a similar trend regardless of presence or absence of oxidizing agent. Tar has about 22.17% fixed carbon content whose combustion and gasification at heating rate of 20 Kmin -1 occurred above 700 K. Average devolatilization for volatile matter in tar during non-isothermal pyrolysis, combustion and gasification was about 2.29%min -1 . Average degradation of fixed carbon during non-isothermal combustion and non-isothermal gasification was found to be 3.45%min -1 and 0.54%min -1 , respectively. For isothermal combustion and gasification at 1,273 K, degradation of fixed carbon was about 3.73%min -1 and 0.95%min -1 , respectively.

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Coupling reduced‐order modeling and coarse‐grainedCFD‐DEMto accelerate coal gasifier simulation and optimization

Shahnam

et al. 2020

AIChE Journal

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High fidelity three‐dimensional (3‐D) numerical simulations of commercial‐scale coal gasifiers are very time consuming and expensive. This article proposes a reduced‐order modeling approach that uses quasi one‐dimensional (1‐D) CFD–DEM simulation results to serve as an accurate initial condition for the 3‐D simulation, which significantly shortens the physical time from several hours to minutes to achieve steady states. The 3‐D simulation employs a previously validated coarse‐grained CFD‐DEM approach, which further accelerates the simulation. Both 1‐D and 3‐D simulations adopt a particle shrinkage scheme to correctly account for the particle volume change due to chemical reaction and thus provides an accurate bed height. Comparison with available experimental measurements of the bed temperature and synthesis gas composition is used to validate the simulation. The final syngas composition and flowrates are strongly affected by the fuel or gasification agent rate and process operating conditions as expected. This approach is then used to optimize two important operating conditions (air and steam flows) to achieve specific gasifier performance goals for the production of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis gas and production of fuel gas for gas turbines.

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Performance indicators for air and air–steam auto-thermal updraft gasification of biomass in packed bed reactor

Cited by 64 publications

References 17 publications

Production of useful energy from solid waste materials by steam gasification

Production of useful energy from solid waste materials by steam gasification

Characterization of Tar Generated during Updraft Gasification of Woody Biomass in Auto-thermal Packed Bed Reactor

Coupling reduced‐order modeling and coarse‐grainedCFD‐DEMto accelerate coal gasifier simulation and optimization

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