Performance indicator for potential health impact analysis within LCA framework and for environmental product declaration (EPD)

Kalberlah, Fritz; Schmincke, Eva; Saling, Peter; Hults, Quentin de

doi:10.1007/s11367-018-1513-1

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Moreover, Dal Pozzo et al investigated the geopolymer mixed life cycle assessment for insulation programs [20]. Kalberlah et al studied the performance index for the analysis of potential health effects using LCA and environmental product announcement [21]. Pastore et al conducted a case study on reducing Nmethyl-2-pyrrolidone solvent wastes in the production of polyamide and polyangsazole precursors [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impacts of Formalin and Hexamine Production Units Using Life Cycle Assessment: A Case Study in the Gameron Petro Industry Complex, Iran

Isini

Ghanatghestani²,

Kargari³

et al. 2022

JAEHR

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Background: Formalin and hexamine as important chemicals are widely used in industry that their pollution effect is often taken into account. The aim of this study was to investigate environmental effects of formalin and hexamine production process in Gameron Petro Industry Complex using the life cycle assessment method. Methods: This study was conducted according to ISO 14040, using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method and SimaPro software 9, as well as Eco-indicator99, IMPACT2002+ and EDIP2003. The functional unit studied was 1 ton of product (800 kg hexamine plus 200kg formalin) in this complex. Results: It was found that ammonia was the most influential input material in creating the consequences of climate change, radiation and toxicity. In respiratory inorganics, the contribution of ammonia and methanol was the same. Methanol was the dominant input of other outcome. It was determined that the effect of methanol and ammonia on human health was approximately equal. Ammonia and methanol had effect on ecosystem toxicity and creating the category of resource consumption, respectively. The total values of the effect classes were 0.001636 DALY, 2038.305 PDF.m² yr, 2091.536 kg CO2 equivalents and 61.87139MJ surplus. Conclusion: The results showed that in the life cycle of formalin production, and hexamine, methanol is the dominant input in creating environmental impacts. After that, ammonia, diesel and electricity were the effective inputs in the production life cycle of these products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impacts of Formalin and Hexamine Production Units Using Life Cycle Assessment: A Case Study in the Gameron Petro Industry Complex, Iran

Isini

Ghanatghestani²,

Kargari³

et al. 2022

JAEHR

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“…Schemes for assessment of chemical sustainability differ significantly in definitions of objective, interpretation, and scope, many focusing on intrinsic chemical properties and particularly potential hazard . Regulatory mechanisms and management tools commonly focus purely on hazard reduction or elimination to secure environmental and human health, including the EU REACH “Substances of Very High Concern”/“Candidate List,” EU Waste Framework Directive , the 12 principles of Green Chemistry and GreenScreen® . Though serving some useful purposes, hazard‐based classifications, such as that within EU REACH, overlook actual risks to human health or the environment when substances are included in products, potentially leading to undesirable consequences such as restrictions on use of safe products, substitution toward less safe products and disincentives to innovate .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Life cycle assessment (LCA) measures some of these aspects of “sustainable chemistry”, using well‐established environmental impact categories such as global warming potential, eutrophication, different aspects of ecotoxicity and ozone‐forming potential . The LCA approach is, for example, the basis for Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) and the life cycle concept is central to the “circular economy” strategy of the EU . Yet models used to assess life‐cycle impacts differ from each other in basic principles, scope, and outcomes, potentially omitting impacts of chemical emissions and making different approaches hard to reconcile .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additive sustainability footprint: Rationale and pilot evaluation of a tool for assessing the sustainable use of PVC additives

Everard

Blume

2019

Vinyl Additive Technology

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PVC compounds contain additives necessary for processing and stability, and to modify the plastic's properties. The Europe-wide VinylPlus ® voluntary commitment includes a challenge to make progress toward sustainable use of additives. Additive Sustainability Footprint (ASF) was developed to assess sustainable use of additives across the whole societal life cycles of finished PVC articles, taking a risk-based approach rather than simplistic hazard assessment. ASF addresses impacts across six life cycle assessment (LCA) stages established by ISO Standard 14040, using the four System Conditions (sustainability principles) developed by The Natural Step (TNS) covering social as well as environmental factors. For each LCA stage/System Condition combination, seven generically similar questions cover negative impacts (many covered by existing tools and regulations) but also the additive's positive contributions to the sustainability of finished articles. Positive contributions include ethical sourcing, longevity of service life, low maintenance inputs, and recyclability. Answers to questions determine a score, which can be combined across the life cycle and with other additives. Testing on a generic EU PVC window profile supported ASF development and demonstrated applicability and potential benefits including use for sensitivity analysis of alternative additives from different geopolitical regions or from recycled as opposed to virgin sources.

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Life cycle impact assessment of microplastics as one component of marine plastic debris

Saling

Gyuzeleva

Wittstock

et al. 2020

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Performance indicator for potential health impact analysis within LCA framework and for environmental product declaration (EPD)

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Environmental Impacts of Formalin and Hexamine Production Units Using Life Cycle Assessment: A Case Study in the Gameron Petro Industry Complex, Iran

Environmental Impacts of Formalin and Hexamine Production Units Using Life Cycle Assessment: A Case Study in the Gameron Petro Industry Complex, Iran

Additive sustainability footprint: Rationale and pilot evaluation of a tool for assessing the sustainable use of PVC additives

Life cycle impact assessment of microplastics as one component of marine plastic debris

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