Performance in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the C957T Polymorphism of the &lt;i&gt;DRD2&lt;/i&gt; Gene in Healthy Volunteers

Rodríguez‐Jiménez, Roberto; Hoenicka, Janet; Jiménez‐Arriero, Miguel Ángel; Ponce, G.; Bagney, Alexandra; Aragüés, Marı́a; Palomo, Tomás

doi:10.1159/000098652

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Contrary to previous findings on the effect of C957T on WCST performance in Rodriguez‐Jimenez et al. (2006) study, we did not detect an effect of C957T in performance on the IED task, a computerized analog of WCST.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Finally, CC homozygotes solved fewer problems on first choice in OTS and took on average more choices to achieve the correct answer, compared to CT heterozygotes. In general, these findings are in accord with previous studies that have reported CC homozygotes being compromised when compared to CT and TT carriers in working memory (Xu et al., 2007) and tests of executive function (Rodriguez‐Jimenez et al., 2006). CC genotype has been associated with lowest striatal D2 receptor availability and supposedly higher synaptic dopamine levels in the striatum, compared to other genotypes (Hirvonen et al., 2004, 2005; Hirvonen, Laakso, et al., 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genetic studies looking at the association of DRD2 C957T with cognitive function have generally shown that CC homozygosity is associated with poorer performance on tests of executive function and working memory in the general population (Rodriguez‐Jimenez et al., 2006; Xu et al., 2007), decreased general cognitive ability in elderly healthy males and females (Bolton et al., 2010), impaired executive function and cognitive flexibility in HIV‐infected individuals who abuse alcohol (Villalba, Devieux, Rosenberg, & Cadet, 2015), and poorer performance in an attentional switching task in CC homozygotic females (Gurvich & Rossell, 2015). The T allele and TT homozygosity has been associated with better avoidance learning from negative outcomes in both forced choice and reaction time tasks (Frank, Doll, Oas‐Terpstra, & Moreno, 2009; Frank, Moustafa, Haughey, Curran, & Hutchison, 2007), better striatally mediated reflexive learning (Xie, Maddox, McGeary, & Chandrasekaran, 2015) and rule‐based category learning in healthy young adults (Byrne, Davis, & Worthy, 2016), and with superior performance in an attentional switching task in TT homozygotic males (Gurvich & Rossell, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of COMT Val158Met and DRD2 C957T polymorphisms on executive function and the impact of early life stress

et al. 2017

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IntroductionPrevious research has indicated that variation in genes encoding catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) and dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) may influence cognitive function and that this may confer vulnerability to the development of mental health disorders such as schizophrenia. However, increasing evidence suggests environmental factors such as early life stress may interact with genetic variants in affecting these cognitive outcomes. This study investigated the effect of COMT Val158Met and DRD2 C957T polymorphisms on executive function and the impact of early life stress in healthy adults.MethodsOne hundred and twenty‐two healthy adult males (mean age 35.2 years, range 21–63) were enrolled in the study. Cognitive function was assessed using Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery and early life stress was assessed using the Childhood Traumatic Events Scale (Pennebaker & Susman, 1988).Results DRD2 C957T was significantly associated with executive function, with CC homozygotes having significantly reduced performance in spatial working memory and spatial planning. A significant genotype–trauma interaction was found in Rapid Visual Information Processing test, a measure of sustained attention, with CC carriers who had experienced early life stress exhibiting impaired performance compared to the CC carriers without early life stressful experiences. There were no significant findings for COMT Val158Met.ConclusionsThis study supports previous findings that DRD2 C957T significantly affects performance on executive function related tasks in healthy individuals and shows for the first time that some of these effects may be mediated through the impact of childhood traumatic events. Future work should aim to clarify further the effect of stress on neuronal systems that are known to be vulnerable in mental health disorders and more specifically what the impact of this might be on cognitive function.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of COMT Val158Met and DRD2 C957T polymorphisms on executive function and the impact of early life stress

et al. 2017

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“…Second, unlike some functional DRD2 polymorphisms (Taq1, Ser311Cys), C957T is associated both with cognitive functions and schizophrenia. Numerous studies have demonstrated significant neurobiological effects of the C957T variants on executive function, memory, perception, and processing of cognitive stimuli in clinical and non-clinical populations [12][13][14][15]. The association of C957T with schizophrenia, with the C allele being a risk factor, was confirmed in 2 recent meta-analyses [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Dopamine Receptor D2 C957T Polymorphism Modulates Early Components of Event-Related Potentials in Visual Word Recognition Task

et al. 2017

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Background: Visual word recognition is one of the central topics in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Genetic factors are known to contribute to the visual word recognition, but no genes associated with this process have been identified so far. We studied the impact of the DRD2 C957T polymorphism on the efficiency of visual word recognition by measuring its neuronal correlates and behavioral parameters. Early (~200 ms) components of event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded during a lexical decision task. The DRD2 C957T polymorphism is thought to be associated with D2 receptor’s availability and binding potential. Earlier studies have demonstrated the influence of this variation on perception and processing of verbal stimuli. The DRD2 C957T is also associated with schizophrenia, with the C allele being the risk allele. Methods: Electroencephalogram, genetic, and behavioral data were collected from 96 healthy individuals (53.1% men). ERPs were recorded for words and pseudowords in implicit and explicit tasks. Two regions of interests in the left ventral temporal cortex, whose role in early visual word processing is well established, were selected for analysis. Results: The results showed the main effect of the DRD2 C957T polymorphism on P200 amplitude. Carriers of the TT genotype had higher P200 amplitudes compared to subjects with schizophrenia risk C allele. Within-group comparisons demonstrated a better ability to adjust attention to orthographic stimuli depending on task demands and lexicality in the TT group. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that the DRD2 C957T polymorphism modulates early stages of visual word recognition.

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“…This led to an increased density of dopamine in the synaptic cleft in in vivo studies. 18 However, to date, no study has examined the association between rs2617604, rs28364997, rs28364998, rs6275, rs6277 polymorphisms and speech disfluency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dopaminergic genes (SLC6A3 and DRD2) and stuttering among Han Chinese

et al. 2009

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Normal function of the dopaminergic system is necessary for speech fluency. There was evidence that the activities of dopamine transporter (DAT) and dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) could be altered in people with speech disfluency. This study aims to ascertain the possible correlation between two dopaminergic genes (SLC6A3 and DRD2) and disorder of speech fluency, and to determine the allelic frequencies of the five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2617604, rs28364997, rs28364998 in SLC6A3 and rs6275, rs6277 in DRD2) among Han Chinese patients with this disorder. A sample of 112 patients with speech disfluency and 112 gender-matched controls were included in this case-control study. The results show that the presence of C allele at rs6277 in DRD2 gene is associated with increased susceptibility to the disorder, whereas T allele is protective. Haplotype 939T/957T is also a protective factor. Keywords: case-control study; dopamine D2 receptor; dopamine transporter; disorder of fluent speech; Han Chinese; SNPs INTRODUCTIONLanguage is a particular type of human cognitive function that can be divided into 'language' and 'speech.' 1 Speech production is a process that transforms conceptual ideas within the brain into specific language form and expresses it vocally. 2 Fluent speech depends on the balance of the three steps: conceptualization, formulation and articulation, 3 but the detailed mechanism has not been fully understood yet. Stuttering has been used as a model of speech disfluency to understand the mechanism of speech production. 4 It is characterized by involuntary syllable repetitions, syllable prolongations or interruptions (blocks) in a smooth flow of speech. Developmental stuttering begins during the period of rapid speech and language development in childhood and is characterized by a disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech. 5 Dopamine has a major role in fine motor movements, and speech requires the coordination of many small muscles. 6 The dopamine excess theory of stuttering suggests that stuttering may be related to excess levels of the neurotransmitter in the brain. [7][8][9] Further evidence for the theory came from attempts at treating stuttering with antipsychotic medications that block dopamine in the brain. 10-13 A study to evaluate the efficacy of risperidone in the treatment of developmental stuttering showed that a significant decrease of stuttering severity occurred in the risperidone treatment group than in that of the placebo group. 14 The risperidone research supports dopamine having a regulatory role in stuttering.

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Performance in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the C957T Polymorphism of the <i>DRD2</i> Gene in Healthy Volunteers

Cited by 49 publications

References 62 publications

The effect of COMT Val158Met and DRD2 C957T polymorphisms on executive function and the impact of early life stress

The effect of COMT Val158Met and DRD2 C957T polymorphisms on executive function and the impact of early life stress

The Dopamine Receptor D2 C957T Polymorphism Modulates Early Components of Event-Related Potentials in Visual Word Recognition Task

Association between dopaminergic genes (SLC6A3 and DRD2) and stuttering among Han Chinese

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