Performance improvement in mobile air conditioning system using Al2O3/PAG nanolubricant

Redhwan, A. A. M.; Azmi, W.H.; Sharif, M. Z.; Mamat, Rizalman; Samykano, M.; Najafi, G.

doi:10.1007/s10973-018-7656-2

Cited by 43 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…present study with TiO2-SiO2/POE hybrid nanolubricant formulated at a 50:50 ratio of nanoparticles. In previous studies by Redhwan et al [42] and Sharif et al [43], the optimum volume concentration for Al2O3/PAG and SiO2/PAG nanolubricants was established at 0.01 and 0.05%, respectively. Therefore, in this study, the nanolubricants were prepared at less than 0.1% volume concentration.…”

Section: Methodology 21 Preparation Of Nanolubricantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tribology Performance of Polyol-Ester Based TiO2, SiO2, and Their Hybrid Nanolubricants

et al. 2023

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The tribology properties of TiO2/POE, SiO2/POE and TiO2-SiO2/POE nanolubricants were investigated for an automotive air-conditioning system with an electrically-driven compressor (EDC). A two-step preparation method was used in dispersing TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles into Polyol-ester (POE)-based lubricant at different volume concentrations of 0.01 to 0.1%. The coefficient of friction (COF) and wear scar diameter (WSD) were investigated using a Koehler four-ball tribo tester and microscopes. For the TiO2/POE, SiO2/POE and TiO2-SiO2/POE nanolubricants, respectively, the lowest COFs with maximum reduction were attained at 37.5%, 33.5% and 31.6% each at volume concentrations of 0.05%, 0.01% and 0.03%. The highest WSD reduction for the TiO2/POE and SiO2/POE mono nanolubricants were attained at 12.5% and 26.4%, respectively, at the same volume concentration of 0.01%. Meanwhile, the maximum reduction of WSD for the TiO2-SiO2/POE hybrid nanolubricant was reached at 12.4% at 0.03% volume concentration. As a conclusion, mono and hybrid nanolubricants with volume concentrations of less than 0.05% are suggested for use in air-conditioning systems with EDC because of their outstanding tribology performances. Further performance investigation of nanolubricants in the air-conditioning system is required to extend the present work.

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Section: Methodology 21 Preparation Of Nanolubricantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tribology Performance of Polyol-Ester Based TiO2, SiO2, and Their Hybrid Nanolubricants

et al. 2023

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“…Also, an ultrasonic mixing process was applied with the TOPTION TU-900E4 sonic mixer. The samples, which were kept in the sonic mixer for 90 minutes [32], were filled into the lubricant chamber of the compressor for tests. The devices used in the application of two-step method are shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: Two-step Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the preparation process, the sonication time was 90 minutes to prevent sedimentation as suggested in previous studies [32].…”

Section: Stability Of Nanolubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

Dağıdır,

Bilen

2023

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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In this study, the use of nanolubricants containing Al2O3, graphene, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at different mass fractions in a refrigeration compressor was experimentally investigated. The required electrical power of the compressor was measured to determine the effect of the use of nanolubricants. Nanoparticles used in the preparation of nanolubricants were gradually added to the lubricant to determine the optimum nanoparticle mass fraction for each nanoparticle type. Thus, it was found that the compressor operated safely and efficiently with nanolubricants. Furthermore, the optimum mass fractions were determined to be 0.750% for Al2O3, 0.250% for graphene, and 0.250% for CNTs for operating conditions of this study. As a result, the required electrical power of the compressor decreased by 6.26, 6.82, and 5.55% with the addition of Al2O3, graphene, and CNT nanoparticles at optimum mass fractions of 0.750, 0.250, and 0.250% to the lubricant, respectively, compared to the compressor using pure oil. Moreover, density and dynamic viscosity of the nanolubricant samples used in the experiments were also measured, and their kinematic viscosity, which is an important parameter for lubricants, was calculated. It was determined that the kinematic viscosity continuously increased with increasing nanoparticle fraction. In conclusion, nanolubricants containing nanoparticles above the optimum mass fraction increase the required electrical power of the compressor. It is concluded that nanoparticle fractions should not be used above the optimum value in nanolubricant applications.

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“…The previous study related to nanolubricant had focus more on other type of lubricant such as mineral oil (MO), Polyalphaolefin (PAO), Polyol ester (POE), Polyalkylene glycol (PAG) [11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. However, the studies related to PVE lubricant are quite limited in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Newtonian Behaviour and Viscosity of TiO2/PVE Nanolubricants for Application in Refrigeration System

Ismail

Azmi

Mamat

et al. 2022

ARFMTS

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The flow characteristics are highly dependent to viscosity of the fluid. For nanolubricant with different concentration, viscosity change is one of important parameter to be measured to evaluate its functional ability as lubricant. This paper studies about the effect of TiO2 nanoparticle in poly vinyl ether (PVE) at different concentration and temperature. Nanolubricant with volume concentration between 0.01% to 0.1% prepared using two-step method and tested at 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C temperature by using digital rheometer. Beforehand, the colloidal suspension fluid was observed by visual and zeta potential measurement to ensure its stability. The fluid Newtonian behaviour was identified for shear rate up to 1000 rpm. The results shown that dynamic viscosity of 0.01% TiO2/PVE nanolubricant had decreased up to 11% for all measured temperature. For other samples, viscosity increment does not reach more than 1.5% compared to pure PVE oil. It also observed that viscosity increment by the increasing of volume concentration, but it decreases by the increment of temperature. The finding in this study confirms that viscosity of TiO2/PVE nanolubricant effected by both temperature and volume concentration to opposite behaviour.

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Performance improvement in mobile air conditioning system using Al2O3/PAG nanolubricant

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Tribology Performance of Polyol-Ester Based TiO2, SiO2, and Their Hybrid Nanolubricants

Tribology Performance of Polyol-Ester Based TiO2, SiO2, and Their Hybrid Nanolubricants

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

Experimental Investigation on Newtonian Behaviour and Viscosity of TiO2/PVE Nanolubricants for Application in Refrigeration System

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Performance improvement in mobile air conditioning system using Al2O3/PAG nanolubricant

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Tribology Performance of Polyol-Ester Based TiO2, SiO2, and Their Hybrid Nanolubricants

Tribology Performance of Polyol-Ester Based TiO2, SiO2, and Their Hybrid Nanolubricants

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al2O3, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

Experimental Investigation on Newtonian Behaviour and Viscosity of TiO2/PVE Nanolubricants for Application in Refrigeration System

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Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor