Performance evaluation of the whole-body PET scanner ECAT EXACT HR/sup +/ following the IEC standard

Adam, L.-E.; Zaers, J.; Ostertag, H.; Trojan, H.; Bellemann, Matthias E.; Brix, Gunnar

doi:10.1109/23.596983

Cited by 159 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…All scans were performed using an ECAT EXACT HR+ scanner capable of 2-D and 3-D acquisition (Siemens/CTI, Knoxville, TN) [14,15]. A 10-min transmission scan, using three rotating 68 Ge line sources, together with sinogram windowing, was performed after subject positioning at the cardiac level.…”

Section: Pet Scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic models for analysing myocardial [11C]palmitate data

Jong

Rijzewijk

Lubberink

et al. 2009

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Purpose [ 11 C]Palmitate PET can be used to study myocardial fatty acid metabolism in vivo. Several models have been applied to describe and quantify its kinetics, but to date no systematic analysis has been performed to define the most suitable model. Methods In this study a total of 21 plasma input models comprising one to three compartments and up to six free rate constants were compared using statistical analysis of clinical data and simulations. To this end, 14 healthy volunteers were scanned using [ 11 C]palmitate, whilst myocardial blood flow was measured using H 2 15 O. Results Models including an oxidative pathway, representing production of 11 CO 2 , provided significantly better fits to the data than other models. Model robustness was increased by fixing efflux of 11 CO 2 to the oxidation rate. Simulations showed that a three-tissue compartment model describing oxidation and esterification was feasible when no more than three free rate constants were included. Conclusion Although further studies in patients are required to substantiate this choice, based on the accuracy of data description, the number of free parameters and generality, the three-tissue model with three free rate constants was the model of choice for describing [ 11 C] palmitate kinetics in terms of oxidation and fatty acid accumulation in the cell.

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Section: Pet Scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This scan was performed in 2-D mode to prevent large dead time effects at the beginning of the scan [16]. After 10 min to allow for decay of residual 15 O, fatty acid imaging was performed using [ 11 C]palmitate. An intravenous bolus of 180 MBq was followed immediately by a 30-min dynamic emission scan in 3-D mode for increased sensitivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic models for analysing myocardial [11C]palmitate data

Jong

Rijzewijk

Lubberink

et al. 2009

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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“…A total of nine veterans with PTSD and seven veterans without PTSD were included. The 21,22 All subjects received an indwelling radial artery cannula for arterial blood sampling and a venous cannula for tracer injection.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

et al. 2007

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c-Aminobutyric acid (GABA A ) receptors are thought to play an important role in modulating the central nervous system in response to stress. Animal data have shown alterations in the GABA A receptor complex by uncontrollable stressors. SPECT imaging with benzodiazepine ligands showed lower distribution volumes of the benzodiazepine-GABA A receptor in the prefrontal cortex of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in one, but not in another study. The objective of the present study was to assess differences in the benzodiazepine-GABA A receptor complex in veterans with and without PTSD using [ 11 C]flumazenil and positron emission tomography (PET). Nine drug naive male Dutch veterans with deployment related PTSD and seven male Dutch veterans without PTSD were recruited, and matched for age, region and year of deployment. Each subject received a [ 11 C]flumazenil PET scan and a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. Dynamic 3D PET scans with a total duration of 60 min were acquired, and binding in template based and manually defined regions of interest (ROI) was quantified using validated plasma input and reference tissue models. In addition, parametric binding potential images were compared on a voxel-by-voxel basis using statistical parametric mapping (SPM2). ROI analyses using both template based and manual ROIs showed significantly reduced [ 11 C]flumazenil binding in PTSD subjects throughout the cortex, hippocampus and thalamus. SPM analysis confirmed these results. The observed global reduction of [ 11 C]flumazenil binding in patients with PTSD provides circumstantial evidence for the role of the benzodiazepine-GABA A receptor in the pathophysiology of PTSD and is consistent with previous animal research and clinical psychopharmacological studies.

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“…List-mode data were reformatted into 69 frames and reconstructed with Fourier rebinning and 2D-OSEM. 22 Image reconstruction included corrections for attenuation, dead time, random counts, and scatter. The image size was 128 × 128 × 63 voxels, with an in-plane voxel size of 2.06 mm and an axial voxel size of 2.43 mm.…”

Section: Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of B_max and K_d with the Glycine Transporter 1 Radiotracer ¹⁸F-MK6577 using a Novel Multi-Infusion Paradigm

Xia

Zheng

Holden

et al. 2015

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Glycine is a co-agonist of glutamate at the NMDA receptor. Glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) inhibitors are reported to be potential therapeutic agents for schizophrenia.18 F-MK6577 is a new positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer useful for imaging brain GlyT1 and its occupancy in humans. We devised a novel multi-infusion paradigm of radiolabeled and unlabeled compound and an iterative linear/nonlinear alternating fitting method to allow for the determination of in vivo affinity (K d ) and target concentration (B max ) images, constraining K d to be uniform across the brain. This paradigm was tested with 18 F-MK6577 in baboons. Voxel-based analysis produced high quality B max images and reliable K d estimates, and also suggested that the nondisplaceable distribution volume (V ND ) is not uniform throughout the brain. In vivo GlyT1 K d was estimated to be 1.87 nmol/L for 18 F-MK6577, and the rank order of GlyT1 distribution measured in the baboon brain was: high in the brainstem (133 nmol/L), medium in the cerebellum (83 nmol/L), and low in the cortex (30 nmol/L). These in vivo K d and B max values agreed well with those determined in vitro, thus validating our novel multi-infusion approach.

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Performance evaluation of the whole-body PET scanner ECAT EXACT HR/sup +/ following the IEC standard

Cited by 159 publications

References 7 publications

Kinetic models for analysing myocardial [11C]palmitate data

Kinetic models for analysing myocardial [11C]palmitate data

Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

Measurement of B_max and K_d with the Glycine Transporter 1 Radiotracer ¹⁸F-MK6577 using a Novel Multi-Infusion Paradigm

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Performance evaluation of the whole-body PET scanner ECAT EXACT HR/sup +/ following the IEC standard

Cited by 159 publications

References 7 publications

Kinetic models for analysing myocardial [11C]palmitate data

Kinetic models for analysing myocardial [11C]palmitate data

Reduced GABAA benzodiazepine receptor binding in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder

Measurement of Bmax and Kd with the Glycine Transporter 1 Radiotracer 18F-MK6577 using a Novel Multi-Infusion Paradigm

Contact Info

Product

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Measurement of B_max and K_d with the Glycine Transporter 1 Radiotracer ¹⁸F-MK6577 using a Novel Multi-Infusion Paradigm