Performance evaluation of praseodymium doped fiber amplifiers

Mirza, Jawad; Ghafoor, Salman; Habib, Nazish; Kanwal, Firdos; Qureshi, Khurram Karim

doi:10.1007/s10043-021-00706-z

Cited by 29 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To achieve this gain, the pump power is 3.5 W, while the input signal power and doping concentration are chosen as −35 dBm and 95 × 10 24 m −3 , respectively. The gain of the amplifier decreased to 52 dB when the length of the HDF is 16 m, which may be attributed to a decrease in population inversion and signal absorption [4,24]. Therefore, HDF length of 12 m is used for rest of the calculations because it yields the highest small signal gain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fiber is nominally single-mode at 2.05 µm having V-number and mode-field diameter (MFD) of 2.45 and 8.6 µm, respectively. The optical isolators used in the setup eliminate the back reflections that can disturb the amplifier's normal operation [4]. Moreover, isolators also prevent the amplifier from working in the lasing regime.…”

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thanks to the invention of rare-earth doped fiber amplifiers (DFAs) by Mears in 1987 which can amplify the optical signals with high gain solely in optical domain hence resolving the compatibility, cost, and latency related issues [3]. Major rare-earth dopants that can be used in the fabrication of DFAs are Erbium, Thulium, Praseodymium, Holmium, and Ytterbium [4]. However, a significant limitation of these DFAs is that beyond 2 µm, zero emission occurs for Praseodymium, Erbium, and Ytterbium and reduced emission occurs for Thulium, thus, making them impractical for optical amplification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The significance of 2-2.15 µm wavelength range in the applications of optical communication and optical sensor technology is undeniable. Currently, widely employed 1.55 µm optical window specific for optical communications is facing its capacity crunch [4]. Therefore, it is inevitable to explore new wavelength regions to accommodate the ever increasing growth in customers demand for greater transmission bandwidth [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, widely employed 1.55 µm optical window specific for optical communications is facing its capacity crunch [4]. Therefore, it is inevitable to explore new wavelength regions to accommodate the ever increasing growth in customers demand for greater transmission bandwidth [4]. Recently, 2-2.15 µm wavelength range is getting huge research attention to provide high bandwidth by the telecom system designers and network operators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Optimization of Holmium Doped Fiber Amplifiers for Optical Communication Applications in 2–2.15 μm Wavelength Range

et al. 2022

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In this paper, we address the performance optimization of Holmium doped fiber amplifier (HDFA) for optical communications in 2–2.15 μm wavelength range based on a single in-band forward pump source. The performance of the HDFA is analyzed with the help of theoretical simulations by considering an optimized length of Holmium doped fiber (HDF), doping concentration of Ho3+, and pump power. The impact of signal wavelength and power on gain, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, and noise figure (NF) of the amplifier is investigated. Furthermore, we investigate the variations in the gain of the amplifier, its output power, and NF by varying the power and wavelength of the pump source. After optimizing the parameters of the amplifier, the peak gain observed is around 56.5 dB, the 3 dB saturated output power obtained is 33.3 dBm, and the output power is 3 W at signal wavelength of 2.0321 μm for HDF having an optimized length of 12 m and pump power of 3.5 W. Minimum NF of around 8.2 dB is observed at 2.0321 μm for signal power of −5 dBm. The impact of ion-ion interaction on the performance of HDFA is also investigated. A reduction of 24.2 dB and 0.051 W is observed in peak gain and output power of HDFA, respectively by considering the ion-ion interaction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Optimization of Holmium Doped Fiber Amplifiers for Optical Communication Applications in 2–2.15 μm Wavelength Range

et al. 2022

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Broadband Optical Amplification in Bi‐Doped Multicomponent Glass Fiber

Zhang

Chen

Qi-wu

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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Bismuth(Bi)-doped photonic materials with broadband near-infrared luminescence can be used in applications such as high-capacity fiber communication, fiber laser, and biological imaging. The scalable fabrication of Bi-doped fibers with high dopant solubility, high optical activity, and broadband optical response still remains a significant challenge. In this study, the comprehensive studies on the physical, chemical, mechanical, and optical responses of a Bi-doped glass system are performed and a Bi-doped germanate multicomponent glass system is proposed to be the promising candidate. The deactivation mechanism of Bi in a glass matrix is investigated and prevented by controlling the fiber drawing. In addition, a Bi-doped multicomponent germanate glass fiber with a high level of Bi doping is successfully constructed. Finally, a principle compact fiber amplifier device is fabricated for broadband optical amplification. This device can be potentially used for increasing the capacity of telecommunication systems.

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Cluster Control for Construction of Bismuth‐Doped Glass Fiber with Broadband Optical Response

Zhang,

Dong,

Chen

et al. 2024

Advanced Physics Research

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Bismuth(Bi)‐doped optical fibers are widely used in various aspects such as fiber lasers and amplifiers. Despite extensive research efforts to explore high‐gain Bi‐doped fibers, the pursuit of Bi‐doped fibers with emission over an extremely wide wavelength range remains unfulfilled. Here, the strategy of cluster control via regulating glass structure is proposed. It is applied to construct Bi‐doped photonic glass with ultra‐broadband near‐infrared (NIR) emission and a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 343 nm. The strategy is further combined with the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) technique with solution doping. The fiber exhibits ultra‐broadband amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) covering the entire fiber communication band (1260–1625 nm). Finally, the fiber exhibits higher optical gain and bandwidth compared with the fiber without cluster control. This device can be utilized to potentially enhance the capacity of telecommunication systems.

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Performance evaluation of praseodymium doped fiber amplifiers

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Performance Optimization of Holmium Doped Fiber Amplifiers for Optical Communication Applications in 2–2.15 μm Wavelength Range

Performance Optimization of Holmium Doped Fiber Amplifiers for Optical Communication Applications in 2–2.15 μm Wavelength Range

Broadband Optical Amplification in Bi‐Doped Multicomponent Glass Fiber

Cluster Control for Construction of Bismuth‐Doped Glass Fiber with Broadband Optical Response

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