Performance Evaluation of Plain Weave and Honeycomb Weave Electrodes for Human ECG Monitoring

Abstract

Long-time monitoring of physiological parameters can scrutinize human health conditions so as to use electrocardiogram (ECG) for diagnosis of some human's chronic cardiovascular diseases. The continuous monitoring requires the wearable electrodes to be breathable, flexible, biocompatible, and skin-affinity friendly. Weave electrodes are innovative materials to supply these potential performances. In this paper, four conductive weave electrodes in plain and honeycomb weave patterns were developed to monitor human ECG signals. A wearable belt platform was developed to mount such electrodes for acquisition of ECG signals using a backend electronic circuit and a signal transfer unit. The performance of weave ECG electrodes was evaluated in terms of skin-electrode contacting impedance, comfortability, ECG electrical characteristics, and signal fidelity. Such performances were then compared with the values from Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The test results showed that lower skin-electrode impedance, higher R-peak amplitude, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value were obtained with the increased density of conductive filaments in weave and honeycomb weave electrode presented higher comfort but poorer signal quality of ECG. This study inspires an acceptable way of weave electrodes in long-and real-time of human biosignal monitoring.

A Joint Transmission Power Control and Duty-Cycle Approach for Smart Healthcare System

“…Authors in [1][2][3], propose the framework for medical healthcare by adopting WET and WIT techniques but did not consider the TPC, battery model and extra power budget analysis. [2][3][4], propose a novel energy-efficient TPC based algorithm by adapting the time-varying conditions of the wireless channel, besides they compare their proposed algorithm with the other conventional methods and prove that their research is worth applicable for the health applications. In [5], the role of 5G-enabled technologies in wearable devices is examined, but joint duty-cycle and TPC strategy is not the center of attention.…”

“…The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is the prominent channel performance measurement entity for sensor nodes in several applications especially healthcare. Transceiver radio is the computing and storage entity of RSSI data packets over main eight data packets related to body movement of humans [1] [2]. RSSI explains the strength of received power at the BS and is analyzed by the time and transmission power etc.…”

“…Furthermore, path loss at both static (i.e., standing and walking at constant speed) and dynamic (i.e., running) postures is computed frequency of 2.4GHz. We examined that relatively less path loss is obtained at static and low frequency conditions than the path loss at dynamic posture and high frequency [2]. For posture data collection accelerometer is used (i.e., standing and walking at constant speed) and dynamic (i.e., running) body postures at constant and variable speed, respectively, as represented by case1 and case2 in Fig.3 with better accuracy at low sampling rates.…”

“…Meanwhile, transceiver states are altered in each node including sleep, active, and idle. Henceforth, duty-cycle (DC) of sensor S is specified in (2).…”

“…We propose an adaptive energy-efficient transmission power control (AETPC) algorithm which adapts power according to time-varying wireless channel and feedback/ acknowledgment from BS. Proposed algorithm is the modified version of adaptive power control algorithm in [2]  of poor quality channel, and lower threshold value TRL . Fig.7 exhibits a connection between transmission power and feedback controller (FC) and both the inputs/outputs of the distinct portions.…”