Performance evaluation of media losses in the Continuous Media Toolkit

Wijesekera, Duminda; Varadarajan, Srivatsan; Parikh, S.; Srivastava, Jaideep; Nerode, Anil

doi:10.1109/mmse.1998.722944

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…User studies done in mid-to-late 1990s have demonstrated that stability (e.g., absence of jitter) is more important than improvement for certain aspects of QoS (Wijesekera, Varadarajan, Parikh, Srivastava, & Nerode, 1998). Our framework recognizes the importance of these results and ensures, by explicit resource allocation, that adequate resources are available for applications to provide service while maximizing the overall utility.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 97%

User Guidance of Resource-Adaptive Systems

Sousa

Balan²,

Poladian³

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Software and Data Technologies Special Session on Applications in Banking

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Abstract:This paper presents a framework for engineering resource-adaptive software systems targeted at small mobile devices. The proposed framework empowers users to control tradeoffs among a rich set of servicespecific aspects of quality of service. After motivating the problem, the paper proposes a model for capturing user preferences with respect to quality of service, and illustrates prototype user interfaces to elicit such models. The paper then describes the extensions and integration work made to accommodate the proposed framework on top of an existing software infrastructure for ubiquitous computing. The research question addressed here is the feasibility of coordinating resource allocation and adaptation policies in a way that end-users can understand and control in real time. The evaluation covered both systems and the usability perspectives, the latter by means of a user study. The contributions of this work are: first, a set of design guidelines for resource-adaptive systems, including APIs for integrating new applications; second, a concrete infrastructure that implements the guidelines. And third, a way to model quality of service tradeoffs based on utility theory, which our research indicates end-users with diverse backgrounds are able to leverage for guiding the adaptive behaviors towards activity-specific quality goals.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 97%

User Guidance of Resource-Adaptive Systems

Sousa

Balan²,

Poladian³

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Software and Data Technologies Special Session on Applications in Banking

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“…Perceptual studies have established the tolerance levels for discontinuity in CM viewing [7,8,9]. Discontinuities beyond those levels have been shown to increase user dissatisfaction dramatically.…”

Section: Error Spreading Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, most applications do not tolerate bursty error, making it imperative that they be handled in a good manner. Perceptual studies on continuous media viewing have shown that user dissatisfaction rises dramatically beyond a certain threshold of bursty error [7,8,9]. This is especially so for audio, where the threshold is quite small, and hence this issue is quite pressing for applications like the Internet phone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main idea is not to reduce overall error, but rather to tradeoff bursty error (the bad error) for average error (the good error). Perceptual study of continuous media viewing [7,8,9] has shown that a reasonable amount of overall error is acceptable, as long as it is spread out, and not concentrated in spots. A similar approach have been taken by [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Error spreading: a perception-driven approach to handling error in continuous media streaming

Varadarajan

Ngo

Srivastava

2002

IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking

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With the growing popularity of the Internet, there is increasing interest in using it for audio and video transmission. Periodic network overloads, leading to bursty packet losses, have always been a key problem for network researchers. In a long-haul, heterogeneous network like the Internet, handling such an error becomes especially difficult. Perceptual studies of audio and video viewing have shown that bursty losses have the most annoying effect on people, and hence are critical issues to be addressed for applications such as Internet phone, video conferencing, distance learning, etc. Classical error handling techniques have focused on applications like FTP, and are geared towards ensuring that the transmission is correct, with no attention to timeliness. For isochronous traffic like audio and video, timeliness is a key criterion, and given the high degree of content redundancy, some loss of content is quite acceptable. In this paper we introduce the concept of error spreading, which is a transformation technique that takes the input sequence of packets (from an audio or video stream) and scrambles its packets before transmission. The packets are unscrambled at the receiving end. The transformation is designed to ensure that bursty losses in the transformed domain get spread all over the sequence in the original domain. Our error spreading idea deals with either cases where the stream has or does not have inter-frame dependencies. Perceptual studies have shown that users are much more tolerant to a uniformly distributed loss of low magnitude. We next describe a continuous media transmission protocol based on this idea. We also show that our protocol can be used complementary to other error handling protocols. Lastly, we validate its performance through a series of experiments and simulations.

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“…Quality of Service is the degree of satisfaction to fulfill the requirement such as reliability, maintainability, safety, and etc [2,4]. In this work, we focus on the user centric QoS analysis [1,5] where we examine the human perception behavior.…”

Section: Introduction 11 Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical study of user perception behavior for mobile streaming

Song

Won

Song

2002

Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Multimedia

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The objective of this study is to examine the effect of individual factors over human perception behavior and to determine the right set of parameters which effectively exploit the underlying network and system capacity while maximizing the QoS perceived by the user. For the comprehensive test, we examine three different types of video clips: news, drama and sport game. From each of the original video clip, we vary the encoding factors as follows: playback rate(384Kbits/sec and 1.5Mbits/sec), frame rate(5 frames/sec, 15 frames/sec, and 25 frames/sec) and spatial resolution(176x244 and 320x240). We performed extensive user experiment. We particularly focus on video streaming in mobile wireless environment where playback rate and screen size are relatively small. The analysis result reveals that out of three encoding factors, frame rate is the most influential factor. Spatial resolution does not make significant difference on QoS for three video categories. Playback rate results in noticeable difference in QoS. However, the analysis result suggests that the improvement on QoS obtained by quadrupling the playback rate (from 384Kbits/sec to 1.5 Mbits/sec) may not be justifiable particularly when the screen size is small.

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Performance evaluation of media losses in the Continuous Media Toolkit

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

User Guidance of Resource-Adaptive Systems

User Guidance of Resource-Adaptive Systems

Error spreading: a perception-driven approach to handling error in continuous media streaming

Empirical study of user perception behavior for mobile streaming

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