Performance Evaluation of Intelligent Fire Alarm System with Multi Data Fusion Sensor by Using IoT Platform

A Semantic Approach to Dynamic Path Planning for Fire Evacuation through BIM and IoT Data Integration

“…Data in Fire Observation. Due to the expansibility and volatility [2] of fires, and their rapid development within complex indoor environments [12], conducting path planning only at the beginning of an evacuation may not adequately meet the evacuation requirements in a fire scenario. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the evolving fire situation is necessary, and path planning should be revised as needed to ensure that evacuation routes remain unaffected by the fire [35], thereby protecting evacuees from harm.…”

“…In traditional fire evacuations, the location of the fire source is determined based on human reactions [10]; additionally, according to the International Standard ISO 23601 [11], the evacuation paths marked on evacuation plans within buildings generally guide individuals to evacuate from the nearest exits, and adjustments to evacuation paths based on the development of a fire are not permitted. The above process has issues such as long response times, low evacuation efficiency, and delayed responses to changing fire developments, often resulting in more significant casualties [12]. Therefore, gaining a comprehensive understanding of the entire building space and the real-time fire development, as defined in the International Standard ISO 20414 [13] as "environment," is crucial for enhancing evacuation efficiency and ensuring the safety of individuals during evacuation.…”