Performance Evaluation of Carbon-based Heterogeneous Acid Catalyst Derived From Hura crepitans Seed Pod for Esterification of High FFA Vegetable Oil

Ogbu, Ikechukwu Martin; Ajiwe, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu; Okoli, Chukwunonso Peter

doi:10.1007/s12155-018-9938-8

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…7a), mass losses in the temperature range of 168-307 C (event 2) and between 330-390 C (event 3) are associated with cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin degradation. 42 For biochar (Fig. 7b), mass losses at 565-741 C (event 2) and between 914-997 C (event 3) are related to carbon structure decomposition.…”

Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of sulfonated carbon-based catalysts from murumuru kernel shell and their performance in the esterification reaction

et al. 2020

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Section: Catalyst Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of sulfonated carbon-based catalysts from murumuru kernel shell and their performance in the esterification reaction

et al. 2020

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“…This method was applied to introduce a sulfonic acid group on carbon base heterogenous catalyst in a study conducted by Ogbu et al 102 . Hura crepitans seed pods were used to prepare a carbon base heterogenous catalyst.…”

Section: Biogenic Waste Derived Catalysts Modifications and Its Activmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) 125 Hura crepitans (Ogbu et al . )102 sandbox seed oil, 126 macademia oil (Nabi and Rasul), 127 kariya seed oil, 50 Trichilia emetica shell oil (Usman et al . ) 128 Pistacia atlantica oil (Samani et al .…”

Section: Oil Feedstock Issues and Sustainability For Biodiesel Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of biogenic waste‐derived heterogeneous catalysts and feedstock hybridization techniques in biodiesel production

Etim

Musonge

Eloka‐Eboka

2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Biodiesel has the potential to contribute significantly to the elimination of the present global energy and climate change logjam, but its production and commercialization have been hindered by the diverse nature of the feedstocks used for production. This paper reviews the effectiveness of applying various types of crop and animal waste-derived catalysts together with innovative feedstock hybridization as an economically viable technique for biodiesel production. Feedstock challenges, availability, and sustainability for large-scale applications are addressed with a view to bridging the existing gaps. Challenges in the use of edible oils and algae oil sources and development remain, but the technique of feedstock hybridization appears to be very promising, innovative, and cost-effective for biodiesel production. The present state of biodiesel production could be improved by the application of simple and cost-effective technologies in the feedstock system. High free fatty acid (FFA) content is the major hurdle to the use of most oils, especially low-grade/advanced oil feedstocks, in biodiesel production. This could be addressed through technological application of feedstock hybrids and biogenic waste-derived heterogenous catalysts, and their biochemical modifications. Conventional technology for the large-scale application of inorganically derived catalysts in biodiesel production with various characteristic differences is presented. Heterogenous catalysts derived from biogenic wastes and their modification could be used to overcome associated problems with the use of inorganic catalysts in biodiesel production. Biogenic waste-derived heterogenous catalysts are renewable, available, eco-friendly, and cost-effective. Technological applications of heterogeneous catalysts derived from biogenic waste are outlined and reviewed, considering various materials and different modification techniques to identify appropriate options for scaling up development. This review also discusses fundamental considerations for the Review

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“…[23] It is speculated that the interaction of À SO 3 with C (sp 2 )sites might proceed the chemical bonding between -SO 3 H and carbon material, resulting in the formation of CÀ SO 3 H species. [24] The formation of aromatic carbon materials is conducive to the firm attachment of À SO 3 H. [25] Herein, the carbon-based solid acid catalysts (FÀ NÀ SO 3 H-h) were prepared by hydrothermal carbonization method, which showed obvious advantages comparing with the one-pot method. And FÀ NÀ SO 3 H-h exhibited high thermal stability than FÀ NÀ SO 3 H (prepared by one-pot method), and showed high activity for liquid-phase nitration of cyclohexane and selectivity to nitrocyclohexane comparing with those of sulfonated activated carbon (AÀ SO 3 H), naphthalene (NÀ SO 3 H) and Dglucose (GÀ SO 3 H).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Carbon‐Based Solid Acid Catalyst Prepared through a One‐Step Hydrothermal Carbonization: Efficient Catalysts for Liquid‐Phase Nitrification

et al. 2021

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Carbon-based solid acid catalysts were successfully prepared by hydrothermal carbonization method and one-pot method using naphthalene crosslinked by formaldehyde and sulfonated by H 2 SO 4 (98 %). The characterization results showed that the catalysts prepared by hydrothermal carbonization method had more amorphous carbon composed of aromatic carbon sheets with functional groups (À SO 3 H, À COOH and À OH) than the catalyst prepared by one-pot method. The preparation conditions of hydrothermal carbonization method were optimized.The FÀ NÀ SO 3 H-h-2.49 (1 : 11) prepared under optimal conditions showed high conversion of cyclohexane (48.2 %) and selectivity to nitrocyclohexan (98.2 %) at 125°C for liquid-phase nitrification, attributed to high acid site density (3.08 mmol/g) and amorphous carbon structure with hydrophilic functional groups. The FÀ NÀ SO 3 H-h-2.49 (1 : 11) also showed excellent thermal stability until 460°C. The thermal stability of the catalyst is due to mutual electron-withdrawal of aromatic carbon sheets.

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Performance Evaluation of Carbon-based Heterogeneous Acid Catalyst Derived From Hura crepitans Seed Pod for Esterification of High FFA Vegetable Oil

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Preparation of sulfonated carbon-based catalysts from murumuru kernel shell and their performance in the esterification reaction

Preparation of sulfonated carbon-based catalysts from murumuru kernel shell and their performance in the esterification reaction

Effectiveness of biogenic waste‐derived heterogeneous catalysts and feedstock hybridization techniques in biodiesel production

A Carbon‐Based Solid Acid Catalyst Prepared through a One‐Step Hydrothermal Carbonization: Efficient Catalysts for Liquid‐Phase Nitrification

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