Performance evaluation of aqueous organic redox flow battery using anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonic acid disodium salt and potassium iodide redox couple

Lee, Wonmi; Permatasari, Agnesia; Kwon, Byeong Wan; Kwon, Yongchai

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.10.159

Cited by 70 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…[14] Indeed, after proper optimization, Na 2 AQ26DS could deliver highly stable capacities of around1 20 mAh g À1 for 300 cycles at al ow current density of 50 mA g À1 and around 99 mAh g À1 for 1000 cycles at ah igh current density of 1Ag À1 ,w hich corre- sponds capacity retentions of 92 %a nd 76 %o fi ts theoretical value (C T = 130 mAh g À1 ), respectively. Na 2 AQ26DSh as polyanionic character and each Na 2 AQ26DS molecule contains two OÀNa ionic bonds.…”

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confidence: 94%

“…Disulfonate-substituted 9,10-anthraquinones are easily acquired and widely used as cathodes in flow batteries using water electrolyte. [14] Indeed, after proper optimization, Na 2 AQ26DS could deliver highly stable capacities of around1 20 mAh g À1 for 300 cycles at al ow current density of 50 mA g À1 and around 99 mAh g À1 for 1000 cycles at ah igh current density of 1Ag À1 ,w hich corre- sponds capacity retentions of 92 %a nd 76 %o fi ts theoretical value (C T = 130 mAh g À1 ), respectively. To our knowledge, the battery stabilitya nd rate performance of Na 2 AQ26DSr epresent the best values reported to date for small-molecule, anthraquinone-type organic cathodes in Li-, Na-, or K-ion batteries.…”

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confidence: 94%

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Highly Stable and High Rate‐Performance Na‐Ion Batteries Using Polyanionic Anthraquinone as the Organic Cathode

Tang

Ren

et al. 2019

ChemSusChem

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Sodium 9,10-anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (Na 2 AQ26DS), with polyanionic character and two OÀNa ionic bonds, is found to be ah ighly stable organic cathode in Na-ion batteries, delivering capacities of approximately 120 mAh g À1 for 300 cycles (50 mA g À1 )a nd around 99 mAh g À1 for 1000 cycles (1 Ag À1 ). These resultsa re the best performance reported to date for small-molecule, anthraquinone-basedo rganic cathodes in Li-, Na-, or K-ionbatteries.The rapidly-growing demands for electric vehicles anda"smart grid" require large-scale applicationso fr echargeable batteries.[1] Therefore, electrode materials in batteries that are low in cost, free of resourcel imitations, and environmentally friendly are highly desirable . [2] At present,r echargeable Li-ion batteries are approaching the ceiling of their energy density. [3] Moreover, the limited resources of Li (0.0017 wt %f or Li in the Earth's crust) and of the rare metals contained in cathodes, such as Ni, Co, Mn, also impedet heir large-scale application. [4] Organic electrode materials with extremelyl ow costs have attractedm ore and more attention as promisingn ext-generation energy-storagem aterials. More importantly,o rganic electrodes have been found capable to store abundant, cheap, and large-radius metal ions, such as Na + ,K + ,a nd Mg 2 + . [5] There are two main concerns for organic electrode materials under consideration for practical application. One is that organic electrode materials usually suffer from poor electronic conductivity and thus give unsatisfactory rate performance. [6] However,this problem can be largely solved by careful technological modifications. The other is that small-molecule organic materials, particularly for high-capacity organic cathodes, [7] show significant solubility in organic liquid electrolytes, [8] ultimately leadingt ot he poor cycling stability of organicb atteries.

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confidence: 94%

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confidence: 94%

Highly Stable and High Rate‐Performance Na‐Ion Batteries Using Polyanionic Anthraquinone as the Organic Cathode

Tang

Ren

et al. 2019

ChemSusChem

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“…Of the ORFBs, aqueous ORFBs (AORFBs) are promising 38‐53 . They can be divided into three groups depending on the pH of the supporting electrolyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, anthraquinone, naphthoquinone, benzoquinone derivatives, and ferrocyanide were used as active materials for alkaline AORFBs 45‐48 . Third is neutral AORFBs that show stable cyclability because most organic materials are chemically stable in neutral pH supporting electrolytes 49‐53 . For example, methyl viologen (MV), (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl or (2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yl)oxidanyl (TEMPO), potassium iodide, anthraquinone derivatives were used as active materials for neutral AORFBs 49‐53 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High power density near‐neutral pH aqueous redox flow batteries using zinc chloride and 4,5‐dihydroxy‐1,3‐benzenedisulfonate as redox couple with polyethylene glycol additive

2021

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Summary Redox flow batteries (RFBs) using zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and 4,5‐dihydroxy‐1,3‐benzenedisulfonate (Tiron) redox couple is introduced. ZnCl2 and Tiron are used as negative and positive active materials, which are dissolved in near‐neutral pH, ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) supporting electrolyte. Cell voltage of RFB using ZnCl2 and Tiron is extremely high as 1.8 V, while two cellulose spacers are introduced to prevent the growth of zinc dendrite on the membrane. When the performances of RFBs using ZnCl2 and Tiron are measured, their charge efficiency (CE), voltage efficiency (VE), and energy efficiency (EE) are 95, 79, and 75% at 40 mA cm−2, whereas their capacity fading rate is high as 0.12 Ah L−1 per cycle. This is due to the zinc dendrite formed on the electrode of RFB that is attributed to the aggregation of zinc ions. To suppress the aggregation and to preserve active sites for the redox reaction of zinc ions during cycling, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) additive is suggested. Regarding the optimization of PEG, 5000 ppm PEG induces both high efficiencies (97, 81, and 79% of CE, VE, and EE at 40 mA cm−2) and low capacity loss rate (0.03 Ah L−1 per cycle), which are more enhanced performances than those of RFBs operated without PEG. In terms of power density of RFB using ZnCl2 and Tiron, high power density of 144 mW cm−2 is achieved under 120 mA cm−2, which is far better performance than that of other RFBs operated under near‐neutral pH electrolyte.

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“…These conditions have led to the investigation of quinone‐based materials due to their widespread electrochemical use in both biological and technological applications . A well‐performing flow battery with 9,10‐anthraquinone‐2,7‐disulfonic acid (AQDS) coupled with HBr/Br 2 was seminally demonstrated in 2014, and due to its fulfillment of many of the above criteria, AQDS has been thoroughly studied since and is often considered a model compound for aqueous ORFBs . However, AQDS in its oxidized form has been shown to self‐associate in solution, forming a redox‐inactive dimer that somewhat impedes its use in electrochemical applications …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Evaluation of a Napthalene Diimide Derivative for Potential Application in Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

et al. 2019

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A quaternary amine‐functionalized naphthalene diimide (NDI) moiety is synthesized and considered as a redox‐active species for application in aqueous organic redox flow batteries. For the first time, this NDI is characterized electrochemically in aqueous solutions, using cyclic and rotating disk electrode voltammetry, bulk electrolysis, as well as 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) spectroscopy. The molecule reaches a solubility of 0.68 m in water and reversibly delivers two electrons at attractive potentials for flow battery applications. Further exploration with 1H‐NMR reveals a strong dimerization of the NDI species with an equilibrium constant of 146 m−1. Using diffusion NMR coupled with rotating disk electrode voltammetry, it is shown that the dimer retains limited redox‐activity, yielding two electrons per dimer unit. However, using galvanostatic bulk electrolysis, close to the theoretical capacity is obtained, indicating a fast dissociation reaction of the reduced dimer. Finally, the NDI species shows excellent stability; after constant cycling for 1 week, no degradation is detected. In conclusion, NDI is demonstrated to be a highly attractive candidate for aqueous redox flow batteries.

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Performance evaluation of aqueous organic redox flow battery using anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonic acid disodium salt and potassium iodide redox couple

Cited by 70 publications

References 46 publications

Highly Stable and High Rate‐Performance Na‐Ion Batteries Using Polyanionic Anthraquinone as the Organic Cathode

Highly Stable and High Rate‐Performance Na‐Ion Batteries Using Polyanionic Anthraquinone as the Organic Cathode

High power density near‐neutral pH aqueous redox flow batteries using zinc chloride and 4,5‐dihydroxy‐1,3‐benzenedisulfonate as redox couple with polyethylene glycol additive

Electrochemical Evaluation of a Napthalene Diimide Derivative for Potential Application in Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries

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