Performance evaluation of an indirect air cooling system combined with evaporative cooling

Sibanda, Sipho; Workneh, Tilahun Seyoum

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03286

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Temperature is a crucial factor required to maintain optimum conditions during the storage of fresh produce (Sibanda & Workneh, 2020a). Figure 4a–c illustrates the linear effect of

V_{normala}

m_{normalw},

and

t_{cp}

on air temperature drop (TD).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RH is another important factor in maintaining optimum conditions while storing fresh produce (Chavan et al, 2021; Sibanda & Workneh, 2020a). The impact of each input factor on the rise of air RH is shown in Figure 6a–c.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, ECs have several limitations to achieve the desired levels of efficiency. Moreover, it depends on environmental conditions and is only suitable for tropical conditions with low humidity and sufficient air velocity (Sibanda & Workneh, 2020a). The limitations of conventional EC can be addressed by developing a hybrid cooling system consisting of a combination of EC and other pre‐cooling units (Morshed et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modeling and optimization of integrated earth air heat exchanger and direct evaporative cooling system using ANN and RSM approaches for preserving fruits and vegetables

Nishad,

Mangaraj

2023

J Food Process Engineering

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Conventional air‐conditioned storage systems are more energy intensive which requires a consistent supply of electricity. Apart from this, it is costly and not suitable in remote areas where electricity is almost inaccessible. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the performance and feasibility of an integrated earth air heat exchanger and direct evaporative cooling system for storage of fruits and vegetables. The effects of air velocity (4–6 m/s), water flow rate (0.032–0.096 kg/s), and thickness of the cooling pad (50–150 mm) with corresponding responses were investigated in order to develop response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) models and compared them to predict temperature drop and humidity rise. Using RSM model, the optimum values for maximum temperature drop (16.80°C) and humidity rise (70.85%) within a range of input variables were found to be 4 m/s air velocity, 0.065 kg/s water flow rate, and 150 mm thickness of the cooling pad. For predicting the temperature drop and humidity rise, the higher (0.992 and 0.998) lower MAE (0.045 and 0.064), RMSE (0.187 and 0.266), and values (0.028 and 0.001) were observed in the ANN model. The developed ANN model was better than RSM models, and the model prediction was in good agreement with experiment values within the range of ±5% uncertainty. The results of this study indicate that the proposed cooling system can be successfully applied to store horticultural commodities.Practical ApplicationIntroduced hybrid cooling technique is low‐cost and eco‐friendly, and can be commercially used for on‐farm storage of fruits and vegetables to enhance their shelf life. The system is helpful for smallholder farmers/retailers to maintain the quality of the commodity during storage, minimize post‐harvest losses, and fetch good market value for the commodity.

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“…Temperature is a crucial factor required to maintain optimum conditions during the storage of fresh produce (Sibanda & Workneh, 2020a). Figure 4a–c illustrates the linear effect of

V_{normala}

m_{normalw},

and

t_{cp}

on air temperature drop (TD).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modeling and optimization of integrated earth air heat exchanger and direct evaporative cooling system using ANN and RSM approaches for preserving fruits and vegetables

Nishad,

Mangaraj

2023

J Food Process Engineering

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show abstract

“…They concluded that the challenges such as modes of heat transfer, physics of vapor formation during vibrations in case of automobiles, established heat transfer and heat flux predictive capability needs to be accounted for use of these systems in automobile applications. Sibanda et al [4] have studied the indirect air cooling along with the evaporative cooling in tomato fruit for temporary storage under the conditions of hot and humidity. They measured the temperature and RH (Using psychometric unit) hourly during a period of 28 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an adiabatic air conditioning package system

Mothiravally

Sachidananda

2022

Int. J. Simul. Multidisci. Des. Optim.

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Air conditioning plays a significant role to maintain a cool atmosphere in warm conditions, However, the power consumed by the machine is higher. The commercial prevailing cooling systems are required to operate ventilation and cooling systems in buildings and in turn consumes more power. These systems apart from consuming electricity it also adds to the CO2 emissions to our environment. These energy consumption and CO2 emissions can be decreased by the assistance of energy effective frameworks to the prevailing air conditioning system. The study was conducted on a package unit of 414.2 kW by measuring the relative humidity, dry bulb, and wet bulb temperature to investigate the effect of indirect evaporative cooling on the systems COP. Also, the modelling of the package unit was done using Creo software and the analysis was carried out using ANSYS considering the flow and thermal analysis for different components of the package units. From this analysis it can be observed that by implementing the adiabatic cooling in package unit it is possible to save energy consumption. From the results it can be concluded that energy efficiency was more and the return on investment is high. Also, coefficient of performance of this machine is high and consumes less electricity and the expected energy savings is 20%.

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“…The tomatoes stored under IAC+EC showed higher firmness and hue angle, maintained lower concentration of sugars, had lower physiological weight loss and improved shelflife and marketability as compared to ambient conditions. Sibanda and Workneh (2020) tested the performance of such a system and it provided storage conditions of temperature of 15.7 to 16.4°C and relative humidity of 89.6 to 93.8%. Both studies provided the efficacy of the system except the energy requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of solar energy requirements for indirect cooling combined with evaporative cooling for storage of fresh produce

Sibanda¹,

Workneh²

2020

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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A solar photovoltaic (SPV) system generating power to run a 53-m 3 storage for indirect air-cooling combined with evaporating cooling (IAC+EC) for providing a cool environment for storage of tomatoes under small-scale farming was evaluated. The experiment consisted of nine 330 W solar modules, twelve 230 AH Gel batteries, 145 VDC solar charge controller, 5 kW inverter, 290 W ventilation fan, 260 W water pump, psychrometric unit, and a 3.8-ton tomato storage chamber constructed and assembled on site. The psychrometric unit consisted of three-cooling pad layers and a 1760 W indirect heat exchanger. The solar modules were arranged in three series-three strings and were used in conjunction with a three string-48V bank facility. The performance evaluation of the system was conducted with full recirculation of air inside the storage chamber using solar module yield and efficiencies of inverter, battery and charge controller. Based on the experiment data the SPV system produced 2873.5 W that is 98% of the design power output at 80% probability of exceedance. The power yield of 2873.5 W was 24% higher than the power required in running the electrical appliances for IAC+EC system. Tracking the SPV system under ambient conditions with an average daily generation during the period of the experiment, the electrical power efficiency was 14.9%. The power output of modules increased with temperature of the module to 24°C and declined thereafter. The power generated by the SPV system depended on the solar irradiance availability, ambient temperature at the site and the time of the day. It was found that the SPV system could power the IAC+EC during daytime for the summer season, and the excess power stored in the battery could run the system until 22.00 h at night when temperatures were low enough for storage of tomatoes and SPV system was then switched off.

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Performance evaluation of an indirect air cooling system combined with evaporative cooling

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Modeling and optimization of integrated earth air heat exchanger and direct evaporative cooling system using ANN and RSM approaches for preserving fruits and vegetables

Modeling and optimization of integrated earth air heat exchanger and direct evaporative cooling system using ANN and RSM approaches for preserving fruits and vegetables

Design of an adiabatic air conditioning package system

Determination of solar energy requirements for indirect cooling combined with evaporative cooling for storage of fresh produce

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