Performance evaluation of amplify‐and‐forward relaying cooperative vehicular networks under physical layer security

Abstract

In this paper, we address the physical layer security of a cooperative vehicular network in the presence of a passive eavesdropper vehicle, where the communication from a fixed source node to a fixed destination node is assisted by an amplify‐and‐forward relay vehicle and by direct link, in two transmission phases. Based on the security of the first transmission phase, we consider two scenarios for the cooperative vehicular networks. In Scenario I, the first phase is secure (ie, the direct link between source and eavesdropper is not available) and the eavesdropping occurs only in the second phase. In Scenario II, the first phase is not secure (ie, the direct link between source and eavesdropper is present) and the eavesdropping occurs during both the first and second phases. We assume that source‐to‐destination, source‐to‐relay vehicle, relay vehicle‐to‐destination, and source‐to‐eavesdropper vehicle channels are modeled as Rayleigh fading, whereas the channel between relay and eavesdropper vehicles is modeled by double‐Rayleigh fading. Under such channel modeling, we deduce the new tight closed‐form expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) under both Scenario I and Scenario II. We also investigate the effective secrecy diversity order in the high main‐to‐eavesdropper ratio (MER) regime. The numerical and simulation results corroborate our theoretical analysis and findings and show the occurrence condition for SOP floor phenomenon and influences of channel conditions and relay and eavesdropper locations on the SOP performance. Our results also reveal that the presence of source‐to‐eavesdropper link has significant impact on the SOP performance and relay location.

Physical‐layer security for cellular multiuser two‐way relaying networks with single and multiple decode‐and‐forward relays

“…In Table 1, we show the SOP difference between the selection criteria using (14) and the selection criteria using (15) and (16), for various values of N a , M when̄e = −10 dB, N E = 1, and  s = 0.2 bps/Hz. It can be seen from Table 1 that the difference between the SOP using criteria given in (14) and the SOP using our proposed criteria presented in (15) and (16) is very small, irrespective of N a and M. This indicates the effectiveness of our proposed antenna and user selection strategies.…”

“…Moreover, physical-layer security in cooperative relaying communications has gained tremendous attention because of the fact that the relay systems can enhance the throughput, reliability, and coverage of the emerging and future generation wireless networks. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Specifically, two-way relaying (TWR) communications has envisioned as a potential candidate to combat wireless fading and shadowing and to offer high spectral efficiency. [19][20][21][22] However, due to open wireless environment, such networks are vulnerable to potential eavesdropping attacks, and hence secrecy is the major concern.…”

Physical layer security in cooperative amplify‐and‐forward relay networks over mixed Nakagami‐ m and double Nakagami‐ m fading channels: performance evaluation and optimisation

“…Xu et al [24] evaluated the secrecy performance of a non-cooperative relaying networks with mobile nodes under N*Nakagami-m fading channels. However, the literature investigating the PHY-security aspects in cooperative networks with mobile nodes are limited [25][26][27][28][29]. Specifically, Ren et al [25] evaluated the secrecy performance of an amplify-and-forward (AF)-based cooperative relaying network, but they have considered Rayleigh fading for V2V channels.…”

“…Moreover, Zhang and Pan [27] investigated the secrecy performance of a decode-and-forward (DF)-based cooperative vehicular relaying network under double-Rayleigh fading channels. Recently, Pandey and Yadav [28,29] investigated the secrecy performance of the cooperative relaying networks under mixed Rayleigh and double-Rayleigh fading channels. To the best of authors' knowledge, PHY-security for the cooperative relaying networks by employing AF relaying protocol and using double Nakagami-m fading for V2V channels has not been investigated so far.…”

Honesty based democratic scheme to improve community cooperation for Internet of Things based vehicular delay tolerant networks

“…The two types of nodes in the network is normal and abnormal nodes 15 . A normal type of nodes in the network actively participates in the network and show its cooperation with its neighbor nodes 16 . Abnormal nodes are those nodes which are not taking part in the network activities and can degrade the performance of the network.…”