Performance evaluation of a popular malaria RDT in Nigeria compared with microscopy

Ajakaye, Oluwaremilekun G.; Ibukunoluwa, Mojirayo R.

doi:10.1007/s12639-019-01170-y

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The high specificity may be due to the dominance of P. falciparum in the study area. High specificity of RDT was also observed in previous studies in Nigeria [ 40 , 41 ] and Cameroon [ 17 ] and elsewhere [ 27 ] using another RDT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Performance assessment of a widely used rapid diagnostic test CareStart™ compared to microscopy for the detection of Plasmodium in asymptomatic patients in the Western region of Cameroon

Bamou

Nematchoua-Weyou

Lontsi-Demano

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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While malaria remains a serious public health concern, its rapid or prompt diagnosis in remote areas is important in the fight against the disease. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of widely used Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits for routinely detection of Plasmodium asymptomatic patients. A total of 400 asymptomatic participants of both sexes aged between 1-89 years from Menoua Division (Santchou and Dschang) were tested for malaria infection using both microscopy and CareStart™ RDT. The prevalence of malaria was higher when using the standard gold tool (Microscopy) (26.0%) compared to RDT (21.8%) with a significant difference (P < 0.05). However, a strong agreement was observed between both tests (kappa = 0.883; P < 0.0001). RDT CareStart™ sensitivity and specificity were 83.65% and 100% respectively while the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 100% and 95.57% respectively. RDT sensitivity increased with parasite density while false negative (40.4%; n = 17) were observed only when parasite density was low (<500 parasites per microliter of blood). RDT kits appear to be good tools in areas where malaria diagnosis through microscopy is not feasible. However, the low sensibility observed when parasite density is low could be a concern.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Performance assessment of a widely used rapid diagnostic test CareStart™ compared to microscopy for the detection of Plasmodium in asymptomatic patients in the Western region of Cameroon

Bamou

Nematchoua-Weyou

Lontsi-Demano

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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“…Cross-reactivity due to high parasite levels or the presence of other disease antigens are the main causes of false-positive results ( Orish et al, 2018 ; Kavanaugh et al, 2021 ; Pyle-Eilola et al, 2021 ). RDTs are a useful diagnostic support feature for conventional diagnosis, however, they cannot substitute microscopy examination ( Ajakaye and Ibukunoluwa, 2020 ).…”

Section: Malaria Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and challenges in automated malaria diagnosis using digital microscopy imaging with artificial intelligence tools: A review

Maturana

Oliveira²,

Nadal³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium spp. It is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. It is the most common disease in resource-poor settings, with 241 million malaria cases reported in 2020 according to the World Health Organization. Optical microscopy examination of blood smears is the gold standard technique for malaria diagnosis; however, it is a time-consuming method and a well-trained microscopist is needed to perform the microbiological diagnosis. New techniques based on digital imaging analysis by deep learning and artificial intelligence methods are a challenging alternative tool for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. In particular, systems based on Convolutional Neural Networks for image detection of the malaria parasites emulate the microscopy visualization of an expert. Microscope automation provides a fast and low-cost diagnosis, requiring less supervision. Smartphones are a suitable option for microscopic diagnosis, allowing image capture and software identification of parasites. In addition, image analysis techniques could be a fast and optimal solution for the diagnosis of malaria, tuberculosis, or Neglected Tropical Diseases in endemic areas with low resources. The implementation of automated diagnosis by using smartphone applications and new digital imaging technologies in low-income areas is a challenge to achieve. Moreover, automating the movement of the microscope slide and image autofocusing of the samples by hardware implementation would systemize the procedure. These new diagnostic tools would join the global effort to fight against pandemic malaria and other infectious and poverty-related diseases.

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“…Malaria is still a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with young children suffering the highest morbidity and mortality rates [3, 22, 58]. The debilitating nature of the disease is exacerbated by the overlap of malaria symptoms with those of other diseases [9, 21, 46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The debilitating nature of the disease is exacerbated by the overlap of malaria symptoms with those of other diseases [9, 21, 46]. As a result, accurate diagnosis combined with timely medication remains the primary life-saving intervention and means of reducing transmission [3, 55] Previously, the World Health Organization recommended treating any febrile patient with antimalarial drugs in the absence of microscopy or malaria diagnostic test kits [56]. However, this was later revised to emphasize parasite-based diagnosis in all ages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria diagnosis in rural healthcare facilities and treatment-seeking behavior in malaria endemic settings in western Kenya

Omondi

Ochwedo

Otambo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are central requirements for effective malaria management in communities. However, in resource-constrained settings, healthcare facilities are likely to be few, inaccessible, and ill-equipped with frequent drug or rapid diagnostic test kit (RDT) shortages. This may jeopardize much-needed quality care for patients and may have an impact on treatment-seeking behavior among the local population. The study’s goal is to determine treatment-seeking behavior, malaria diagnosis and treatment, and likely treatment-seeking determinants in the local population. Passive case detection, which targeted all patients with suspected malaria cases, was conducted in ten public healthcare facilities over a three-month period. Monthly malaria cases, methods of diagnosis and antimalarial drug availability were assessed. A household-based survey was also carried out. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from household heads. Malaria knowledge, treatment seeking behavior, and predictors of malaria treatment-seeking were all determined. Three of the seven dispensaries lacked a laboratory to conduct microscopy-based diagnosis. These three dispensaries also experienced frequent RDT stock-outs, which resulted in a clinical diagnosis of malaria. The majority of local residents with fever (50.3%) purchased antimalarial drugs from a chemist. About 37% of fever patients sought treatment at healthcare facility while the remaining 12.7% did nothing. In irrigated areas, 45.5% (46/64) of fever patients sought treatment at healthcare facilities, compared to 25% (18/64) in non-irrigated areas (p = 0.009). Most children aged below 5 who had fever (77.7%) were taken to healthcare facility for treatment compared to 31.4% of older children or 20.9% of adults (0.0001). Predictors of treatment seeking included access to healthcare facility (OR = 16.23, 95% CI: 2.74-96.12), and ability to pay hospital bill (OR = 10.6, 95% CI: 1.97- 57). Other factors that influenced health-seeking behavior included the severity of symptoms, the age of the fever patient and knowledge of malaria symptoms.

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Performance evaluation of a popular malaria RDT in Nigeria compared with microscopy

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Performance assessment of a widely used rapid diagnostic test CareStart™ compared to microscopy for the detection of Plasmodium in asymptomatic patients in the Western region of Cameroon

Performance assessment of a widely used rapid diagnostic test CareStart™ compared to microscopy for the detection of Plasmodium in asymptomatic patients in the Western region of Cameroon

Advances and challenges in automated malaria diagnosis using digital microscopy imaging with artificial intelligence tools: A review

Malaria diagnosis in rural healthcare facilities and treatment-seeking behavior in malaria endemic settings in western Kenya

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