Performance evaluation of a hydrogen-fuelled spark ignition engine using electronically controlled solenoid-actuated injection system

Das, L.M.; Gulati, Rohit; Gupta, Pankaj K.

doi:10.1016/s0360-3199(99)00059-2

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Additionally, hydrogen's low lubricity leads to severe problems with the durability of injectors that have been originally designed for common fuels. Nevertheless, an appropriately designed electronically-controlled system can be adopted for engine operation with both hydrogen and compressed natural gas without any major alteration to the hardware of the system [41][42], particularly for research and demonstration purposes. Therefore, commercially available natural-gas injectors are generally being used nowadays as the baseline design for hydrogen injectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen SI and HCCI Combustion in a Direct-Injection Optical Engine

Rosati¹,

Aleiferis²

2009

SAE Int. J. Engines

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The Engineering Meetings Board has approved this paper for publication. It has successfully completed SAE's peer review process under the supervision of the session organizer. This process requires a minimum of three (3) reviews by industry experts. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. ISSN 0148-7191 Positions and opinions advanced in this paper are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of SAE. The author is solely responsible for the content of the paper. SAE ABSTRACTHydrogen has been largely proposed as a possible alternative fuel for internal combustion engines. Its wide flammability range allows higher engine efficiency with leaner operation than conventional fuels, for both reduced toxic emissions and no CO 2 gases. Independently, Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) also allows higher thermal efficiency and lower fuel consumption with reduced NO X emissions when compared to Spark-Ignition (SI) engine operation. For HCCI combustion, a mixture of air and fuel is supplied to the cylinder and autoignition occurs from compression; engine is operated throttle-less and load is controlled by the quality of the mixture, avoiding the large fluid-dynamic losses in the intake manifold of SI engines. HCCI can be induced and controlled by varying the mixture temperature, either by Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) or intake air pre-heating. A combination of HCCI combustion with hydrogen fuelling has great potential for virtually zero CO 2 and NO X emissions. Nevertheless, combustion on such a fast burning fuel with wide flammability limits and high octane number implies many disadvantages, such as control of backfiring and speed of autoignition and there is almost no literature on the subject, particularly in optical engines. Experiments were conducted in a singlecylinder research engine equipped with both Port Fuel Injection (PFI) and Direct Injection (DI) systems running at 1000 RPM. Optical access to in-cylinder phenomena was enabled through an extended piston and optical crown. Combustion images were acquired by a highspeed camera at 1° or 2° crank angle resolution for a series of engine cycles. Spark-ignition tests were initially carried out to benchmark the operation of the engine with hydrogen against gasoline. DI of hydrogen after intake valve closure was found to be preferable in order to overcome problems related to backfiring and air displacement from hydrogen's low density. HCCI combustion of hydrogen was initially enabled by means of a pilot port injection of n-heptane preceding the main direct injection of hydrogen, along with intake air preheating. Sole hydrogen fuelling HCCI was finally achieved and made sustainable, even at the low compression ratio of the optical engine by means of closed-valve DI, in synergy with air-pre-heating and negative valve overlap to promote intern...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen SI and HCCI Combustion in a Direct-Injection Optical Engine

Rosati¹,

Aleiferis²

2009

SAE Int. J. Engines

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“…Hydrogen will help reduce CO2 emissions as soon as it can be produced in a clean way either from fossil fuels, in combination with processes involving CO2 capture and storage technologies, or from renewable energy. These features make hydrogen a potentially excellent fuel to meet the ever increasingly stringent environmental controls regarding exhaust emissions from combustion devices, including the reduction of green house gas emissions [24][25][26][27]. Laminar burning velocities plotted against air-to-fuel equivalence ratio, for NTP hydrogen-air flames [7].…”

Section: Hydrogen Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Hydrogen-Methane Blends in Internal Combustion Engines

Çeper¹

2012

Hydrogen Energy - Challenges and Perspectives

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“…The derivatives of equation (3)(4)(5)(6) with the combination of the thermodynamic properties equations are:…”

Section: Descriptions Of the Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal efficiency starts to decrease exponentially as the equivalence ratio increases. For complete hydrogen-air combustion or a stoichiometric combustion, the air fuel ratio is 34.3, which means that hydrogen fuel operates better under an ultra-lean condition [4] . The thermal efficiency drop indicated the incomplete combustion of hydrogen-air mixture inside the combustion chamber.…”

Section: Effects Of Equivalence Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quasi One-dimensional Simulation of a 4 Stroke Spark Ignition Hydrogen Fuelled Engine

Yusaf¹,

Yusoff²,

Hussein³

et al. 2005

American J. of Applied Sciences

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Active research and development on hydrogen-fuelled engine had been done for few decades since hydrogen serves as a potential of infinite fuel supply. This paper discussed analytically and provides data on effects of compression ratio, equivalence ratio and spark timing of a hydrogenfuelled engine as a guideline for the engine design. The change in thermodynamic properties of the fuel was considered through the engine cycle. A modified version of Olikara and Borman method was presented to track the mole fraction of the equilibrium state of combustion products for hydrogen fuel.The equilibrium values of each species were used to predict the NO x formation, which is the main concern of study for hydrogen-fuelled engine.

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Performance evaluation of a hydrogen-fuelled spark ignition engine using electronically controlled solenoid-actuated injection system

Cited by 38 publications

References 11 publications

Hydrogen SI and HCCI Combustion in a Direct-Injection Optical Engine

Hydrogen SI and HCCI Combustion in a Direct-Injection Optical Engine

Use of Hydrogen-Methane Blends in Internal Combustion Engines

A Quasi One-dimensional Simulation of a 4 Stroke Spark Ignition Hydrogen Fuelled Engine

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